The invention discloses a controllable serial capacitor optimal configuration method capable of improving available transmission capacity, which is characterized in that: the position variables and compensation degrees of TCSCs serve as antibody genes to be coded, initial data are input to generate initial populations randomly, and the initial populations are divided into an open crossover and mutation rates are set for the populations of each group, each group of populations are optimized by an immune algorithm, the affinity between each antibody and an antigen in each population in each group is calculated, and clonal selection, clonal amplification, crossover and variable immunity are performed; at the end of the evolution of each generation, a communicating operator is used to allow the populations to interexchange part of antibodies and the affinity is calculated; after the evolution of a plurality of generations, the currently optimal antibodies are distributed into all populations by a transmission operator; and after all populations evolve for one time, if an algorithm meets convergence conditions is judged, and optimal results are output if the algorithm meets the convergence conditions, or immune supplementation is performed and evolution circulation is returned to if the algorithm does not meet the convergence conditions. The method can solve the optimal configuration problem of the plurality of TCSCs.