The invention discloses a solar water heating system for using summer residual heat to dehumidify solution. A water outlet of a solar thermal collector is connected with a second check valve, a heat exchanging coil, a circulating pump, and a water inlet of the solar thermal collector sequentially; the water outlet of the solar thermal collector is connected with a first check valve, a high-temperature liquid coil of a first heat exchanger, a circulating pump, and the water inlet of the solar thermal collector sequentially; and the solution outlet of a solution regenerator is connected with a high-temperature solution coil of a second heat exchanger, a concentrated solution storage tank, a first solution circulating pump, a third heat exchanger, a dehumidifier, a dilute solution storage tank, a second solution circulating pump, the low-temperature solution coil of the second heat exchanger, a low-temperature liquid coil of the first heat exchanger, and a solution inlet of the solution regenerator sequentially. The solar water heating system realizes effective utilization of the residual heat of the summer solar water heating system, and greatly reduces energy loss of air conditioning systems.