The invention provides a transmission assembly and a lifting vertical column. The transmission assembly comprises a first screw rod, a second screw rod, a third screw rod, a driving device, a first nut which is in transmission fit with the first screw rod, a first sleeve fixedly connected with the first nut, a second nut which is in transmission fit with the second screw rod, a second sleeve fixedly connected with the second nut, a third nut which is in transmission fit with the third screw rod, and a third sleeve fixedly connected with the third nut; the first nut, the second nut and the third nut are fixedly arranged in the circumferential direction, the second screw rod and the third screw rod are hollow, the first screw rod and the second screw rod can rotate synchronously and expand and contract relatively in the axial direction, and the second screw rod and the third screw rod can rotate synchronously and expand and contract relatively in the axial direction; and the four-sectiontransmission assembly achieves driving through rotation of the screw rods, the sleeves are driven by the nuts to achieve expanding and contracting, and thus, transmission of the transmission assemblyis stable and reliable.