113results about How to "Reduce wave resistance" patented technology

It is an object of the present invention to provide the entire airplane shape of a supersonic aircraft that can realize low sonic boom characteristics, and that can also minimize wave-drag. In order to achieve both sonic boom suppression and a reduction in wave-drag, the entire airplane shape of the supersonic aircraft of the present invention uses a variable forward swept wing configuration having a mechanism that can vary a forward sweep angle as the main wing configuration, rather than forming the fuselage shape with a blunt nose.

The invention discloses a stealth single-hull small waterline area hydrofoil unmanned ship sailing on water and a sailing method. The upper portion of the stealth single-hull small waterline area hydrofoil unmanned ship is provided with a control cabin, the middle portion comprises posts, and the lower portion is a submerged body. The front section of the submerged body is a submerged body bow, the middle section of the submerged body is a submerged body middle part, and the rear section of the submerged body is a submerged body stern. Two water ballast spaces, two power supply cell boxes and a hydrofoil control mechanism are arranged inside the submerged body middle part of a hull. The two water ballast spaces are symmetrically arranged front and back; the two power supply cell boxes symmetrical front and back are arranged between the two water ballast spaces; and the hydrofoil control mechanism is arranged in the center of the space between the two power supply cell boxes. A pair of hydrofoils is symmetrically arranged on the left side and the right side outside the submerged body middle part of the hull. A main motor, a coupler, a main shaft and a tail vane control mechanism are arranged inside the submerged body stern of the hull. A pair of tail vanes is symmetrically arranged on the left side and the right side outside the submerged body stern of the hull. The stealth single-hull small waterline area hydrofoil unmanned ship has excellent seakeeping, speedability and resistance properties, and can achieve the three navigational statuses of body navigation, winging operation and submerge navigation.

The present invention discloses a front water diversion propulsion ship and aims at providing a regular water diversion type ship which can eliminate wave making completely or reduce the wave making and eliminate wave making resistance and can also reduce the friction resistance and motivate the hydrodynamic propulsion to improve the comprehensive performance of the ship such as speed, stability and efficiency. The front water diversion propulsion ship is realized by a technical proposal as follows: a forward water inlet is arranged under the water line at the front part of the ship; and a backward water outlet or a thruster inlet are arranged and matched at the forward water inlet with a flow passage which runs through the forward water inlet and a stern or arranged at two lateral parts. Or a forward-backward thruster is arranged under the water line, or a watercourse is matched and arranged in the front of the water line, two lateral water outlets which are propelled by two sides of the front of the ship or propelled by a stern impeller are arranged, or the back ship body of the thruster is arranged as a streamline after run to motivate the hydrodynamic propulsion. The technology of the front water diversion propulsion ship can fit for designing and manufacturing a powered regular drainage ship and improving the existing ship and is especially fit for designing, manufacturing and improving the economical, large and jumbo ships.

The invention provides a low resistance and low sonic boom layout supersonic aircraft, and relates to the technical field of supersonic aircraft design. According to the low resistance and low sonic boom layout supersonic aircraft, the canard configuration and the large slenderness ratio aircraft body are used, the aircraft head completely droops, the lower edge of the tip portion upturns, the front undercarriage is forward received into the front undercarriage cabin of the aircraft head, the front portion of the middle-front aircraft body is provided with a full-motion trapezoidal canard having a middle sweepback, the back portion of the middle-front aircraft body and the position in front of the wing are the gas inlet channel of the power system, the middle-rear aircraft body adopts the wasp waist design so as to connect the root portions of the upper wing and the lower wing of the aircraft wings, two jet engines are vertically arranged on the rear aircraft body in a side-by-side manner, the trapezoidal vertical tail having a large sweepback is arranged on the upper portion of the rear aircraft body, and the tip portions of the upper wing and the lower wing of the aircraft wings are connected through the end plate. According to the low resistance and low sonic boom layout supersonic aircraft of the present invention, the shock wave generated due to the wing attack angle is weakened, the sonic boom influence of the shock wave on the ground is reduced, the stability is strong, and safety and reliability are provided.

The invention provides a high-speed catamaran which comprises two sheet bodies arranged in parallel and a main cabin connected onto the tops of the sheet bodies. The high-speed catamaran further comprises two bulbnoses, an air suction device and a plurality of micro-bubble generating devices, wherein the two bulbnoses are connected to the bottom of the main cabin through struts and are vertically arranged on a bow and a stern of the catamaran, the air suction device is mounted on the top of the main cabin and is communicated with air pipes arranged inside the high-speed catamaran in a built-in mode, and the plurality of micro-bubble generating devices are arranged on the surfaces of the bulbnoses and the sheet bodies and is communicated with the air pipes. Hydrofoils are symmetrically arranged on both sides of each of the bulbnoses. The seakeeping performance of the catamaran is enhanced by arranging the bulbnoses with the hydrofoils on the bow and the stern to reduce wave-making resistance. The micro-bubble generating devices arranged at the bottom of the catamaran can generate thin bubble films at the bottom of the catamaran to reduce the frictional resistance of the catamaran. The air suction device arranged on the top of the cabin and air suction rotors can further improve the air suction efficiency of the air suction device, enhance the resistance reduction effect of the micro-bubble generating devices, and greatly reduce the energy consumption for generating micro bubbles.

The invention relates to a low-resistance hull under a designed waterline, belongs to the field of hull shape design, and mainly relates to the design of hulls under the designed waterline. A propeller is arranged on a ship bow, a shell bossing is designed to be in a spindly shape similar to a cone, the two sides of a transition position between the shell bossing and the hull above the shell bossing are respectively provided with an arc flow guide water groove, the bow waterline above the shell bossing is designed to be in a V shape with the big end up, and the V-shaped bow waterline has a flow guide effect. An area which has a small included angle between the surface normal of the bow and the navigation direction is designed to be close to one fourth to three fourths of ship width, two inclined flow guide water grooves are formed in the two sides of a main engine space located on the lower portion of the ship bow, a symmetric ship bow or an asymmetric ship bow is used, and the stern of the hull is designed to be a streamline reducing body. The bow and the stern are respectively provided with a flow channel which penetrates through the larboard and the starboard, and a spraying propelling unit is arranged in the hull to meet the steering requirement of the hull. Through linear bow and stern design and the propeller arranged on the bow, the head and wake flow fields of the hull are improved, adverse effects of water on ship navigation are weakened, and ship resistance is reduced.

The invention discloses a high-performance small-waterline-area twin-body intelligent measurement ship. A ship body of the ship comprises a submerging body and a case. A power unit and a direction control unit are arranged on the submerging body, a remote control unit and a measuring unit are arranged on the case, and a solar cell panel is arranged on the upper surface of the casing. The submerging body is formed by two parallel and symmetric torpedo submersible diving chambers. Each submersible diving chamber comprises three watertight battery compartments. Storage batteries are arranged in the three battery compartments and are connected through wires. The storage batteries are connected with the solar cell panel, the power unit, the remote control unit and the measuring unit through wires respectively. By means of the measurement ship, new energy is fully used during measurement ship navigation and stored, and accordingly, the endurance of the ship and the intelligent equipment normal operation are guaranteed, and the survey is efficient, energy saving and environmentally friendly.

Objectives to be achieved by this invention are the provision of a method for determining the ultimate fuselage shape of supersonic aircraft by integral modification of the upper and lower surface shapes of the fuselage, to reduce sonic boom without increasing wave drag, as well as the provision of such a fuselage front section shape. A method for determining the fuselage shape of an aircraft for supersonic flight of this invention employs different methods of determining the fuselage lower-surface shape and the fuselage upper-surface shape, whose upper and lower boundary is defined for each fuselage cross-section by the horizontal line including two points at which the fuselage width from the bilateral symmetry plane is maximum. The above fuselage lower-surface shape is determined by optimization of an objective function to minimize the pressure increase amount of the sonic boom pressure waveform on the ground, estimated using a panel method and waveform parameter method; the fuselage upper-surface shape is determined by optimization of an objective function so as to minimize drag, estimated using a panel method.

The invention discloses a lifting multi-beam acoustic equipment guide cover for examination ship, which comprises a fixed flow guide cover, a lifting guide cover and a lifting mechanism. The fixing guide cover is fixed to the bottom of the ship body and the transducer of the multi-beam acoustic equipment is fixed on the fixed guide cover. The angle between the main body part of the fixed guide cover and the current flow direction is an obtuse angle; the angle between the two side plates and the bottom of the hull is an acute angle; the lifting guide cover is connected with the lifting mechanism; the angle between the lifting guide cover and the flow direction of the water flow is an acute angle; the angle between the two side plates and the bottom of the hull is an obtuse angle; the lifting mechanism drives the lifting guide cover to rise; the lifting guide cover is placed on the groove of the bottom of the ship; the bottom of the lifting guide cover is arranged to be flush with the bottom of the fixed guide cover. The invention can reduce the resistance of the multi-beam transducer guide cover and ensure the detection effect of the multi-beam acoustic equipment.

The invention discloses a mixed-flow device of a ship diversion propelling system, aiming at solving the problem of jet flow of the ship diversion propelling system. The mixed-flow device mainly consists of a jet pipe, a wake flow pipe and a mixed-flow pipe, wherein a nozzle of the jet pipe and an outlet of the wake flow pipe are communicated with the mixed-flow device; an inlet of the wake flow pipe is arranged at the lateral side of the jet pipe; the cross section of the jet pipe is less than that of the mixed-flow pipe; and jet flow and wake flow are acted and mixed together in a mixed-flow cavity. By comparing water flow at the outlet of the mixed-flow pipe with the water flow at the nozzle of the jet pipe, the invention reduces the speed and increases the flow so as to improve the stern flow field of the ship, reduce the wave making resistance of the stern, or improve the flow field of a propeller or a pump impeller, improve the propelling efficiency and reduce damage of vacuole and water attach. The induced velocity generated by the water flow at the outer side of the inlet of the wake flow pipe and the induced pressure converted thereby can be further used for improving the stern flow field of the ship and reducing the wave making resistance of the stern.

The invention provides a triangular-section power draft-increase ballast-free semi-submersible conveying ship. The ship comprises a main ship body, a power draft-increase system and a control system. The main ship body comprises an upright rounded-triangular-cross-section parallel body, a flow inflow section and a flow removal section, the upright rounded-triangular-cross-section parallel body is designed in an optimized mode to adapt to underwater near-surface sailing, the flow inflow section and the flow removal section downward incline to a blunt bow and a conical stern respectively. The power draft-increase system is a multi-wing combined system, comprises board side fixed negative lift horizontal wings, a controllable main lift adjusting wing combined appendage and stern lift adjusting horizontal wings, and is used for adjusting vertical force of the ship body under various loading conditions to achieve the optimal semi-submersible draft. The control system comprises a variable wing type section forward-leaning upright column, an inward-leaning light invisible upper construction part, shallowly submerged piercing hydrofoils and a stern controllable vertical wing, and is used for controlling the course and stability of the ship body. The ship is novel in type and high in subsequent expansion performance, is a tool for navy land battle force hiding, quick delivery and emergency transport of special civil materials in a route, and has certain research and application value in military and civil fields.

The invention discloses a high-speed and high-sea-condition multi-body unmanned underwater vehicle capable of diving and a control method thereof. The multi-body unmanned underwater vehicle comprisesa main ship body, a plurality of propelling sub-ship bodies, a plurality of side wings, a plurality of horizontal rudders, a tail fin and a communication sub-ship body. The side wings are arranged onthe two sides of the main ship body, one ends of the side wings are connected with the main ship body, the other ends of the side wings are connected with one sides of the propelling sub-ship bodies,the other sides of the propelling sub-ship bodies are connected with the horizontal rudders, one end of the tail fin is connected with the main ship body, and the other end of the tail fin is connected with the communication sub-ship body; the communication sub-ship body is in communication connection with the main ship body; the propelling sub-ship bodies and the communication sub-ship body are connected with propellers; and a ballast water tank is further arranged in the main ship body and used for adjusting water inflow and drainage in the ship body. In the invention, functions of overwaternavigation, semi-submersible navigation and full-submersible navigation can be realized, overwater and underwater operation requirements under high sea conditions are met, and stability is kept to the greatest extent.

Relating to the technical field of shockwave control, the invention discloses a drag reduction needle passive control device for wing shockwave control. The device specifically includes aircraft wings and drag reduction needles arranged on the aircraft wings. The drag reduction needles are fixed in shockwave areas on the upper surfaces of the aircraft wings, the drag reduction needles are L shaped, and one ends of the drag reduction needles are vertically fixed at the shockwave areas on the upper surfaces of the aircraft wings. Through mutual interference of the drag reduction needles placed at the shockwave areas on the upper surfaces of the aircraft wings and initial strong normal shockwaves, a series of oblique shockwaves are generated to replace the initial normal shockwaves so as to reach the purpose of weakening wave drag.

The invention discloses a single-body semiplaning wave-piercing ship and belongs to the field of small speed boats. The single-body semiplaning wave-piercing ship comprises an improved mixing type inward-tilting wave-piercing bow, a semiplaning underwater main ship body, an inward-tilting wave-pressing freeboard and a totally-enclosed upper building, wherein the improved mixing type inward-tilting wave-piercing bow comprises a bow column, a totally-enclosed bow deck and a tow freeboard, the tow freeboard comprises an inward-tilting part and an outward-tilting part, the inward-tilting part and the outward-tilting part are connected to form a freeboard knuckle line, and the included angle gamma between the projection, on the longitudinal section in center plane, of the freeboard knuckle line and the waterline ranges from 1 degree to 3 degrees. According to the single-body semiplaning wave-piercing ship, the wave-piercing capacity, the hiding capacity, the rapidness, the wave making capacity, the stability and the loading capacity of the ship body are improved; compared with the prior art, flooding and wetting of the freeboard are further controlled, lifting force is provided by the freeboard to lift the ship body, and resistance is reduced.

The invention discloses an unmanned automatic search ship for garbage on water. The unmanned automatic search ship is characterized by comprising two electric ships, each electric ship is provided with two direct-current motors, the two electric ships are connected and fixed through a carbon fiber plate, and a net bag is fixed in the gap between the two electric ships; a tablet personal computer and a camera are fixed to the carbon fiber plate, a lighting device is installed on the camera, the camera is connected with the tablet personal computer, and an image recognition program is installed on the tablet personal computer; the tablet personal computer is connected with a single-chip microcomputer, the single-chip microcomputer is connected with two direct-current motor drivers, and finally the two direct-current motor drivers control the four direct-current motors of the two electric ships respectively. Therefore, the unmanned automatic search ship is suitable for a closed lake or water surface which a large clearing ship cannot enter and needs manual fishing of a boat and a great number of urban small and medium river channels closed by gates, the problems that garbage on water is searched for manually at present, and therefore clearing efficiency is low are solved, and the unmanned automatic search ship is beneficial for improving efficiency and saving oil consumption.

The invention discloses a ship which can advance laterally and reduce the wave resistance. It includes ship body (1), the lateral position below the ship body (1) floating line is equipped with several tunnel (2) passing through the ship body (1), two ends of each tunnel (2) are equipped with propeller (3) respectively, the propeller (3) is connected with the drive device (K1) driving it work and the all-slewing equipment (K2) which can make the propeller (3) generate thrust towards any direction, it is also equipped with the lateral oscillating motion device(K3) which recalls and overhangs the propeller (3) into tunnel (2). The ship has simple structure, it can reduce the ship wave resistance effectively to pushing water navigation, as well as can make the propeller generate thrust towards any direction conveniently and recall or overhang the propeller into tunnel, it can effectively increase the cabin capacity of ship; it can realize turning conveniently and enhance the stability of ship course greatly.

The invention discloses a control method for an unmanned ship. The control method is applied to a control system for an unmanned ship. The system comprises a shore-based monitoring subsystem, a lowercomputer control subsystem, a propeller control subsystem, a steering engine control module, a propeller control module, an image acquisition module, a laser ranging module, a communication module anda temperature and humidity module; the unmanned ship comprises a ship body, a connecting structure, closed waterproof boxes and propeller sets; the ship body comprises a first ship body structure anda second ship body structure; the connecting structure is connected with the first ship body structure and the second ship body structure; the closed waterproof boxes are symmetrically arranged between the first ship body structure and the second ship body structure; the propeller sets comprise a first propeller set and a second propeller set; the first propeller set is located on the connectingstructure at one end of the ship body; the second propeller set is located on the connecting structure at the other end of the ship body; the propeller sets are symmetrically distributed along a center line; and the center line is a center line corresponding to the first ship body structure and the second ship body structure. The control method is suitable for the control and structural improvement of large unmanned ships.

The invention discloses a green energy small waterplane catamaran unmanned boat for marine environmental monitoring. Optimization design is performed on a line style aspect of the unmanned boat, a V-shaped small body is disposed on the head part of a box-type connection bridge, and an intelligent pod is disposed on the tail part to increase the maneuverability of the unmanned boat and reduce a head tilt phenomenon; and in order to meet requirements of meteorological monitoring, the unmanned boat is provided with an environmental sensing system at one third position of the boat bow, an environmental monitoring system, and an intelligent navigation system installed at the stern, wherein the intelligent navigation system includes two main propulsion devices arranged at rear portions of two floating bodies, a pod device arranged on the lower rear part of the connection bridge, and a solar sail device on the rear upper surface, a design of combination of a sail and solar energy can effectively increase the utilization rate of photovoltaic panels and provides more space for embarkation of meteorological monitoring equipment.

The invention discloses a water-jet mixed-flow propulsion body of a ship, which is used to further optimize the structure and function of an external-mounted water-jet mixed-flow propulsion system, and further improve the propulsion power and propulsion efficiency. It mainly consists of a conduit and a sleeve. The conduit extends into the casing to form a flow mixer. The outlet part of the conduit is a jet tube, and the inlet part of the conduit is a bell mouth. The outer edge of the bell mouth is in contact with the outer surface of the casing. It is divided into two parts for the boundary, the outlet part of the casing is a mixed flow pipe, and the mixed flow pipe is connected with the follower channel, and the water inlet of the follower channel is on the outer surface of the casing. The bell mouth of the duct can not only reduce the hydraulic loss of the water-jet propulsion part, but also can separate and improve the inflow field of the water-jet propulsion part and the mixed-flow propulsion part, thereby reducing the wave-making resistance and improving the propulsion efficiency. The bend of the waker channel can promote the conversion of the negative pressure difference generated by the jet effect into propulsion, so the mixed flow propulsion part can recover a part of the injection power and convert it into propulsion power.

The invention belongs to the field of the ocean buoyance, and specifically relates to a self-guarding control method of a power-driven buoyance under random ocean wave interference. The method comprises the following steps: estimating an ocean wave direction when the power-driven buoyance is in self-guarding sailing; and planning the energy optimal seaway in consideration of a wave resistance increasing problem. The ocean wave direction estimation comprises online predicting a wave direction angle of the power-driven buoyance in the self-guarding region in real time, and then obtaining an encounter angle with the ocean wave in the self-guarding sailing of the power-driven buoyance; setting virtual nodes in a self-guarding region of the power-driven buoyance, and performing the energy optimal seaway planning on the power-driven buoyance by adopting an A* algorithm; taking the energy loss of the power-driven buoyance sailing on the planned seaway as a target function according to a function relation between the wave resistance increasing suffered by the power-driven buoyance and the encounter angle so that the energy loss of the power-driven buoyance sailing on the planned seaway islowest. The energy loss of the power-driven buoyance in self-guarding sailing under the wave resistance increasing interference can be effectively reduced, the sailing efficiency of the power-driven buoyance is improved, and the application prospect is extensive.

The invention provides a demihull-adjustable trimaran. The demihull-adjustable trimaran comprises a main hull and two demihulls. One side of each demihull is connected with one side of the main hull,the two demihulls can move in the hull direction of the main hull so as to change the positions of the demihulls relative to a hull of the main hull, and the two demihulls can rotate around the main hull so that the transverse width of the demihull-adjustable trimaran can be changed. The resistance influence of wave making interference between the main hull and the demihulls on the demihull-adjustable trimaran can be reduced, when the navigation speed is low, the demihulls are placed in the positions near the middle portion of the main hull, wave making resistance can be reduced, and influenceof heave and pitch motion can be reduced; when the navigation speed is high, the demihulls should be placed at a stern of the main hull; and the width of the demihull-adjustable trimaran is reduced to a great degree, the working range of the demihull-adjustable trimaran is enlarged, and especially, the demihull-adjustable trimaran can pass through a narrow channel conveniently.

The invention discloses a novel icebreaker bow structure and an ice breaking method. The bow structure comprises a bow upper part, a bow middle part and a bow lower part, the bow upper part is a straight bow body and is perpendicular to a horizontal plane, and the inclination angle is 90 degrees; the bow middle part adopts an ice-breaking blade inclining downwards, and the inclination angle of theice-breaking blade is 15-40 degrees; the bow lower part adopts a bulbous bow, the lower edge line of the bulbous bow is provided with an ice-breaking blade, and the inclination angle of the ice-breaking blade is 35-50 degrees; the upper edge line of the bulbous bow is provided with an ice-breaking blade with the inclination angle of 15-30 degrees. The bow structure can have good ice breaking performance under ice conditions at different degrees in polar regions and have good resistance performance in open water areas at the same time.

The invention discloses a green energy, small waterplane and improved catamaran unmanned boat for marine environmental monitoring. The unmanned boat includes a superstructure, a small waterplane improved double-sheet body main boat body, a boat body monitoring and motion intelligent control system, a navigation planning and decision-making system, and an environmental monitoring system. The unmanned boat adopts a small waterplane catamaran as a carrier, optimal calculation is performed in boat type parameters of the small waterplane catamaran by comprehensive optimization software, a scheme with best navigation performance for a main function of marine meteorological monitoring is obtained, wave-making and interference resistance between sheet bodies are effectively reduced, through combination of the advantages of small wave-making resistance, large deck area, good wave resistance, small navigation resistance and good stability of the small waterplane catamaran itself, a stable working environment can be provided for various monitoring equipment, and its better navigation performance can meet working requirements of the unmanned boat in offshore and distant sea water areas.

The invention discloses a method and device for reducing wave-making resistance and friction force during ship navigation. The device comprises a gas-liquid mixing device and a control device which are connected, wherein the gas-liquid mixing device is provided with a water inlet, a gas inlet, a water outlet and the gas-liquid mixing cavity arranged between the water inlet and the water outlet; water and gas respectively enter the gas-liquid mixing cavity through the water inlet and the gas inlet; the control device controls air intake of the gas inlet; in the process, the water inlet is controlled to intermittently pause water feeding or intermittently feed water at a low speed or feed water at a low speed all the time; therefore, more gas can enter the gas-liquid mixing cavity; the gas-liquid mixing device can generate a gas-water mixture containing a large number of bubbles; the gas-water mixture is injected into a water area at the front end of a ship or / and on the two sides of theship, so that the water density of the water area can be greatly reduced, the sailing speed of the ship and the maneuverability of the ship can be greatly improved, or the fuel consumption is greatlyreduced at the same sailing speed, and the performance of the ship is greatly improved.

The invention discloses a high-speed ship additionally provided with stern wave suppression plates and a control method of the high-speed ship. The high-speed ship additionally provided with the sternwave suppression plate is characterized in that a fixed duck tongue type hydrofoil is arranged on ship bow and the active controllable stern wave suppression plates are arranged at stern; the duck tongue type hydrofoil is fixedly connected with the lower part of the ship bow; the stern wave suppression plates are symmetrically arranged on two sides of a hull center line, wherein the two plates are the same and are both rectangular solid plates; the two ends of the stern wave suppression plates are hinged with support frames; and the support frames are fixedly mounted on a stern transom plate,and play the function of stabilizing the stern wave suppression plates. The angles of the stern wave suppression plates are adjusted to rotate within the range of 0 degree to 10 degrees; the duck tongue type hydrofoil and the stern wave suppression plates can increase vertical motion damping and obtain torque for suppressing pitch; the stern wave suppression plates can also improve a tail flow field and reduce ship resistance; and the seaworthiness, seakeeping and rapidity of the ship can be improved by combining the duck tongue type hydrofoil with the stern wave suppression plates.

The invention discloses an unattended ship stabilizing device, and belongs to the technical field of ship stabilizing. The unattended ship stabilizing device comprises a ship body. A flow breaking body is arranged at a stem position of the ship body and is in a conical shape. The rear end of the flow breaking body is connected with a connecting rod. The connecting rod is connected with the ship body through a damper. One end of the flow breaking body is connected with a rope body. The rope body is connected with a winding and unwinding mechanism on the ship body. The unattended ship stabilizing device has wave breaking, stabilizing and power generating functions and enhances the storing and balancing capacity and monitoring data precision of an unattended ship.

The invention discloses a variable wing leading edge combining subsonic aerodynamic performance and supersonic aerodynamic performance, and belongs to the technical field of aerodynamic design of aircrafts. The variable wing leading edge is formed by mounting two movable leading edge baffles on the upper and lower sides of the wing leading edge through connecting rods respectively, and the two movable leading edge baffles make contact to form a sharp wing leading edge during supersonic flight; during subsonic flight, the two movable leading edge baffles translate forwards and rotate respectively to expose the wing leading edge, and an open slot structure is formed between each movable leading edge baffle and the wing leading edge. By means of the variable wing leading edge, the shape of the wing leading edge can be changed reasonably by the two movable leading edge baffles according to different environments in a flight process of an aircraft, the aircraft can obtain higher lift-drag ratio in supersonic and subsonic flight states, and use cost can be reduced.

A hull form is presented and dimensioned where the design parameters consist principally of the breadth of the hull at the waterline, taken at specific equal intervals along the length of the waterline. The waterline reference is that at which the vessel is intended to float in the loaded condition. The waterline breadths describe the entrance or bow of the vessel. The closing run or stem of the vessel is not specifically delineated as a feature of the entrance or related to it. The invention defines two parts of the vessel, the entrance and the run, as discrete segments, each having its own properties and advantages. The entrance of the vessel is concerned with wave-making and the creating of a wave front that opposes vessel forward motion. The invention describes a method of optimizing the entrance of a vessel, and modifying the entrance of an existing vessel to minimize wave-making characteristics.