The present invention provides a seat rail structure for a motorcycle in which sufficient strength and rigidity are secured while achieving weight reduction of a vehicle body. Means for Resolution A seat rail structure of a motorcycle includes a main frame and a seat rail (40) formed of magnesium alloy to be secured to the main frame, and the seat rail (40) includes a pair of left and right side wall portions (100L,100R) extending rearward from the main frame, and a plurality of connecting portions (210,220,230,240) formed into a substantially angular C-shape in cross section or into a substantially H-shape in cross section for connecting the left and right side wall portions (100L,100R), wherein at least part of the connecting portions (210,220,230,240) are connected at a level flush with or above the upper surface of the side wall portions (100L,100R), and the side wall portions (100L,100R) and the connecting portions (210,220,230,240) are integrally formed by die casting.