The invention discloses a coverage control method of a wireless sensor network, relating to the technical field of wireless sensor networks. The coverage control method comprises the steps of: 101, determining a hot spot region set according to a historical movement track of a to-be-monitored target; 102, configuring a static node in the determined hot spot region set, and randomly configuring a movable node; 103, after the target to be monitored enters a to-be-monitored region, predicting a region of the to-be-monitored target, possibly occurring in future; 104, detecting whether the predicted region is covered, if the predicted region is covered, ending, and if not, continuously executing the step 105; and 105, completely covering the predicted region by mobilizing the movable node. According to the invention, through predicting and regulating positions of the nodes, when no target passes through, the to-be-monitored region is partially covered, and the predicted region is effectively covered after the target occurs, thus the coverage degree of the to-be-monitored target is greatly improved, a topological structure is flexible and variable, and the network survival time is effectively prolonged.