The invention provides a method and a device for an oil and gas pipeline deformation detection verification test. The method comprises the following steps that a pipeline to be detected is fixed on a ground support, five lifting jack devices are installed in the middle of the pipeline to be detected, a pipeline inertial measuring device is installed on a pipeline deformation detecting device which is well designed, the pipeline deformation detecting device is pulled to pass through the pipeline to be detected, the pipeline inertial measuring device and an odometer arranged on an odometer wheel of the pipeline deformation detecting device automatically record detection data of the pipeline, the pipeline reaches a predetermined settlement amount of a certain length of a pipeline section by means of the self-weight of the pipeline and the lifting jack devices, the pipeline is pulled to pass through the settled and deformed pipeline, the pipeline settlement deformation and pulling test is repeated, accuracy and effectiveness of data are guaranteed, various kinds of speed are adopted for pulling every time the pipeline is deformed, results of multiple pulling tests are compared, and a pipeline deformation detection device performance verification pulling test is finished. The method and the device provide test data for detector calibration and performance index tests, and improve accuracy and reliability of pipeline integrity evaluation results.