The invention particularly relates to an efficient, intelligent and safe petroleum drilling winch system and a control method of the drilling winch system. According to the trinity system of the winch structure, the frequency conversion alternating current control mode, the electromagnetic eddy current brake structure and the control mode, the problems that a frequency conversion drilling machine is low in drilling efficiency, poor in down-pass safety and high in system failure rate are solved, wherein the problems trouble users for a long time. According to the technical scheme, the drilling winch system comprises a winch structure part and a winch control part. A winch structure comprises an electromagnetic turbine brake, a disk type brake, a drum shaft assembly and a double gear gearbox. The double gear gearbox is connected with alternating current frequency conversion motors through a clutch and connected with the drum shaft assembly through a clutch, the drum shaft assembly is connected with the electromagnetic turbine brake through a spline, and the disk type brake is connected between the drum shaft assembly and the electromagnetic turbine brake through the spline.