The invention belongs to the field of petroleum equipment, and particularly relates to a novel drill pipe shackle assembling and centering device. The device is characterized in that hydraulic cylinders of two centering device bodies push a connecting rod to move, and drive a centering tank to clamp and fix drill pipes; the centers of the to-be-connected drill pipes are aligned by guiding of a centering tank horn mouth, then the centering tank is retracted, and hydraulic power tongs are used for assembling shackle. The centering tank clamps and fixes the drill pipes, the centering tank horn mouth is used for guiding centering, and the device can be of an integrated structure or a split structure. The height of the centering tank can be adjusted through springs so that various adjustment modes of the springs, air cylinders, the hydraulic cylinders, lead screws and the like can be used. In order to guarantee the clamping accuracy and the movement stability of the centering tank, a guiderail is arranged on the movement track of the centering tank, and wheels are arranged on the lower side of the centering tank to move along the guide rail. The device is convenient, stable and reliable to use, high in working efficiency, and capable of reducing the labor intensity of workers and greatly improving the safety of operators.