35 results about "Fluid friction" patented technology

Devices and methods are provided for cleaning and / or drying devices, such as drinking straws for beverage containers, medical devices, endoscopic instruments, etc. A drying device for use with an endoscopic instrument includes an elongate member configured for advancement through an internal lumen within the endoscopic instrument, and a drying member removably coupled to a portion of the elongate member. The drying element includes a variable pressure region shaped and configured to increase hydrodynamic fluid friction and fluid pressure applied to the wall of the interior lumen of the endoscope to more effectively remove all moisture and fluid from the interior surface of the endoscopic instrument.

A method for determining fluid friction pressure losses in a well into which fluid is being pumped includes measuring fluid pressure in the well while pumping at a first flow rate. The first rate is changed to a second rate and measuring the fluid pressure continues for a selected time. A pressure response of the well using a selected value of a parameter related to pipe friction factor / is modeled. The modeled pressure response is compared to the measured pressure. A value of the parameter related to / is adjusted and the modeling and comparing are repeated until the modeled pressure response substantially matches the measured pressure. The first flow rate is chanted and the measuring, modeling, comparing, adjusting the parameter related to / and repeating modeling and comparing are repeated to determine a relationship between the value of the parameter related to / and the first flow rate.

The utility model provides an axial flow paddle, and relates to the technical field of stirring. The multiple first blade assemblies are evenly distributed in the circumferential direction of the rotating shaft, each first blade assembly comprises at least one first blade, and the distance from the end, away from the rotating shaft, of each first blade to the axis of the rotating shaft is a first distance; the multiple second blade assemblies are evenly distributed in the circumferential direction of the rotating shaft, each second blade assembly comprises at least one second blade, and the distance from the end, away from the rotating shaft, of each second blade to the axis of the rotating shaft is a second distance; the first blade assemblies and the second blade assemblies are sequentially distributed in the circumferential direction of the rotating shaft at intervals, and the first distance is larger than the second distance. According to the axial flow paddle, the short blades are introduced on the basis of the long blades, the middle position of the axial flow paddle is reinforced, the thrust of the middle position of the axial flow paddle is enhanced, the thrust of the axial flow paddle is averaged, and fluid friction is reduced.

The invention relates to a method for simulating friction heat generation and environmental heat dissipation in a nuclear power SCO2 pipe network model, which comprises the following steps of: dispersing a nuclear power SCO2 pipe network system, determining nodes and streamlines of a target pipeline, acquiring original physical parameters, and acquiring friction pressure drop of fluid in the target pipeline by utilizing the original physical parameters; based on the friction pressure drop, the pipe wall friction acting heat absorption capacity and the fluid friction acting heat absorption capacity are obtained, and the fluid friction acting heat absorption capacity is introduced into an energy exchange item in the pipe network node energy conservation model. A pipe network heat dissipation model is established through the nodes, the pipe wall friction acting heat absorption capacity is added into the pipe network heat dissipation model, and the heat dissipation capacity of the nodes dissipating heat to the environment is obtained; and introducing the heat dissipating capacity into an energy exchange item, calculating a pipe network node energy conservation model after introduction, obtaining a specific enthalpy solving matrix, carrying out iterative operation on the specific enthalpy solving matrix, and obtaining friction heat generation and heat dissipation distribution results of all parts of the system under time step propulsion. According to the method, the simulation precision of the SCO2 pipe network is improved.

The utility model belongs to the technical field of three-way pneumatic ball valves, and particularly relates to a three-way pneumatic ball valve with anti-deflection and anti-static functions, which comprises a shell, a flange pipe is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the top of the shell through bolts, an electric actuator is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the top of the flange pipe through screws, and a valve rod is arranged on the outer wall of the bottom of the valve rod. A valve element is arranged on the outer wall of the bottom of the valve rod. The conducting ring on the valve rod is matched with the grounding wire, static electricity generated by fluid friction can be conducted out to the ground in time, potential safety hazards caused by static electricity accumulation are eliminated, and the using requirements of flammable and explosive working conditions are met; the positioning block in the connecting sleeve is accurately clamped with the positioning groove in the bottom of the shell under the action of the spring, the position of the valve element after rotation can be effectively limited, deflection caused by fluid pressure impact is avoided, it is ensured that a flow channel opening of the valve element is accurately in butt joint with a three-way pipe opening, and the problem that a valve element of a traditional valve is prone to deflection is solved.

The application discloses a dynamic sealing structure and design method of a rotor device, and belongs to the field of rotor devices used for fluid mechanics experiments. The structure comprises a rotor inner cylinder, a rotor outer cylinder and a rotor cover plate with an annular partition. The chamber between the rotor cover plate and the upper edge of the rotor inner cylinder is divided into a first gap and a second gap which are axially adjacent by the partition, and a super-hydrophobic coating is sprayed on the solid wall surface between the two gaps and below the second gap to retain a drag-reducing gas film. The two gaps are respectively filled with sealing oil which has different viscosities, is insoluble in water and has a smaller density than water, forming a layered seal. The application also provides a corresponding design method, which optimizes the sealing structure parameters by establishing an additional torque model and setting the constraints of the rotor speed, the sealing oil viscosity and the sealing oil density. T 0> 50 T 3, can effectively prevent fluid leakage and gas intrusion at high speed rotation, and controls the additional torque introduced by the seal to be below 2% of the main torque, thereby significantly improving the accuracy of high-precision fluid friction torque testing.

The invention discloses an orchard air-conveying spraying system and a multi-mode pesticide application control device, and relates to the technical field of orchard air-conveying pesticide application, the orchard air-conveying spraying system comprises a driving box and a fan installed at the top of the driving box, the air outlet end of the fan is connected with a straight-barrel-shaped stainless steel air-conveying pipeline, an air-conveying cavity is formed in the pipeline, and a plurality of air outlet pipes are distributed along the axis at equal intervals; along the axial direction of the air conveying pipeline, a water inlet pipeline of each atomizing nozzle is provided with an electric control valve, and the opening degree of each electric control valve is gradually increased in a gradient mode from the near end to the far end. The problems that in the prior art, although the range of the axial multiple-air-outlet-pipe design is expanded, nonlinear air pressure attenuation from the near end to the far end is formed due to fluid friction and shunting loss, and consequently axial pesticide spraying is not uniform enough are solved. The device has the advantages of realizing anti-interference compensation and axial pesticide spraying uniformity control through the synergistic effect of a physical compensation mechanism of the gradient air ring and pressure sensing closed-loop control, and the like.

The invention discloses a ground source heat pump heat exchanger coupling performance simulation algorithm based on an unsteady-state numerical model, and the algorithm comprises the following steps: S100, designing a triple iteration algorithm, and achieving the simulation of receiving the load of a heat exchanger and calculating the on-way temperature and the pipe wall temperature of a fluid at each time step; step S200, designing a quadruple iterative algorithm to realize simulation of receiving heat pump load, calculating fluid on-way temperature and pipe wall temperature, and calculating backfill and rock-soil temperature; according to the method, the assumption of steady-state heat transfer in the hole is abandoned, and the unstable-state heat transfer models are established in fluid, pipe walls, backfill materials in the hole and rock soil areas outside the hole, so that the method is more in line with physical practical conditions and can accurately accord with measured values even in 30s-level short-time-step simulation.

The application discloses a fracturing construction diagnosis method and device based on pressure-time double logarithm judgment, electronic equipment and medium. The method can comprise: calculating rock mechanics parameters and minimum horizontal principal stress of different depth reservoirs, and obtaining the minimum horizontal principal stress distribution of the formation; calculating the fluid friction pressure of the same well section with the same fluid physical property parameters by the resistance coefficient method based on the power-law fluid; calculating the bottom hole net pressure according to the wellhead pressure, static liquid column pressure, fluid friction pressure, near wellbore friction and minimum horizontal principal stress; establishing a double logarithm sequence according to the bottom hole net pressure, identifying the fracture propagation mode, and evaluating the fracturing construction effect. The application can improve the accurate evaluation ability of the fracturing effect on site, and realize dynamic optimization and adjustment of the construction process.

This invention relates to a method for calculating oil friction loss in the rotor of a high-speed oil-filled motor, belonging to the field of motors. The method involves: establishing a finite element simulation model coupling the electromagnetic and temperature fields of the motor; using this model to obtain a multivariate functional relationship with the motor's optimizeable parameter [E] as the independent variable and the motor's operating temperature T as the dependent variable; establishing a composite functional relationship between fluid viscosity and the motor's optimizeable parameter [E]; based on the analysis mechanism of fluid-rotor friction loss, obtaining the functional relationship between Reynolds number Re and fluid viscosity, and the functional relationship between Reynolds number Re and the motor's optimizeable parameter [E]; combining the analytical expression of Reynolds number Re to obtain an analytical calculation model for fluid friction loss; setting an axial flow velocity in the simulation model, comparing it with the analytical calculation results, and introducing a correction coefficient to obtain an analytical calculation model for oil friction loss considering axial flow; and using the multivariate function extremum theory to obtain the relationship between oil friction loss and the motor's optimizeable parameter [E]. This invention is used for calculating oil friction loss in the rotor of a high-speed oil-filled motor.

The invention relates to the technical field of oil and gas exploitation, and discloses a thickened carbon dioxide fluid flow friction resistance testing system and method. The method comprises the following steps: S1, liquefying carbon dioxide gas into liquid carbon dioxide; s2, preparing the liquid carbon dioxide, a cosolvent and a thickening agent into a thickened carbon dioxide fluid, and recording the density as shown in the specification; s3, the thickened carbon dioxide fluid is introduced into the testing pipeline, the flow speed of the thickened carbon dioxide fluid introduced into the testing pipeline is as follows, and the pressure difference of the thickened carbon dioxide fluid flowing through the inlet end and the outlet end of the testing pipeline is recorded; s4, calculating the friction resistance coefficient according to a formula (1), wherein D is the diameter of the test pipeline; l is the length of the test pipeline; s1 and S2 are the solubility of the cosolvent and the thickening agent in the liquid carbon dioxide. The invention creatively provides a friction coefficient calculation formula, and the numerical relationship between the friction of the thickened carbon dioxide fluid in the shaft and each parameter can be quickly calculated and evaluated according to the formula.

A flat plate wall fluid frictional resistance measuring system and method based on an elastic deformation body comprises a circulating water tunnel platform and a resistance measuring unit, the circulating water tunnel platform is used for providing liquid flowing environments with different flow speeds, the resistance measuring unit comprises the elastic deformation body, and the upper surface of the elastic deformation body is pasted on a cover plate. The cover plate is connected to the experiment section flow channel reserved window through a clamp; a transition block is arranged in front of the incident flow direction of the elastic deformable body and is connected with the experimental section flow channel; the transition block is adhered to the cover plate; a 45-degree strain gauge is adhered to the side surface of the elastic deformation body and is connected with the signal processing system; a to-be-tested flat plate sample is adhered to the bottom surface of the elastic deformation body; according to the invention, through deformation of an elastic material, tangential force measurement is converted into easily-measured dependent variable for measurement, the elastic material with low shear modulus and easy deformation is used to deform and amplify a tiny tangential force material, and through a strain sensor and a signal processing system, the material deformation is converted into a voltage signal and amplified, so that accurate measurement is realized.

The invention discloses a hydrodynamic analysis method for Bingham fluid in a shaft eccentric annulus, and relates to the technical field of oil and gas wells. The method comprises the following steps: constructing an extended reach well model according to design parameters of an extended reach well, enabling Bingham fluid to flow in an eccentric annulus of the extended reach well model, determining a non-shear-plug position of the Bingham fluid, obtaining shear stress and velocity distribution of the Bingham fluid in the eccentric annulus, determining dimensionless volume flow of the Bingham fluid in the eccentric annulus, and determining a non-shear-plug position of the Bingham fluid in the eccentric annulus. And based on the friction resistance pressure drop gradient of the Bingham fluid in the concentric annulus in the extended reach well model, numerical simulation software is utilized to calculate the friction resistance pressure drop gradient ratio of the Bingham fluid, the friction resistance pressure drop gradient of the Bingham fluid in the eccentric annulus is determined, and hydrodynamic analysis of the Bingham fluid in the shaft eccentric annulus is completed. According to the method, eccentric annulus dynamics and hydraulics numerical analysis are combined, the Bingham fluid friction resistance pressure drop gradient ratio is accurately obtained, and a foundation is laid for guiding drilling operation of an extended reach well.

The utility model discloses an energy dissipation device of effective control sludge pipeline slurry flow velocity, including high manganese steel reducing pipe, reinforcing rib, flange, rubber pad and high -strength bolt. High manganese steel reducing pipe is fixed with flange welding, and the inner wall is equipped with wear -resistant weld layer, is used for increasing fluid friction through partial reducing diameter, reduces slurry flow velocity, and reinforcing rib is used for enhancing the connection intensity, and rubber pad improves the leakproofness, and high -strength bolt is used for realizing fastening connection. The device simple structure, wear resistance is strong, convenient installation can effectively reduce the slurry flow velocity in pipeline, alleviate diesel engine overload risk, prolong the life of pipeline, improve the security and stability of dredging and filling construction.

The invention relates to a method for measuring iron core loss and fluid friction loss of a high-temperature-resistant and high-pressure-resistant strong permanent magnet motor, and belongs to the field of motor experiment research. The iron core loss measurement method comprises the following steps: step 1, placing temperature sensors at the end parts of notches and windings at the same positions of a test accompanying motor and a test motor; 2, replacing a replaceable rotor in the accompanying test motor with a structure the same as that of the test motor, and testing the total input power P1 of the motor; 3, a replaceable rotor structure in the accompanying test motor is replaced by a solid rotor made of a non-permanent magnet material, then the rotating speed of the test motor is controlled again to reach the required speed, and at the moment, the total loss of the two motors is # imgabs0 #; and 4, calculating the iron core loss of the motor in the extreme environment under the no-load condition. According to the invention, under different occasions, the defects of the existing iron core loss and fluid friction loss measurement method can be effectively overcome, and the iron core loss and fluid friction loss of the motor can be accurately measured.

The invention relates to the technical field of cooling of power generation equipment, and discloses a water cooling system and method for heat dissipation of a gas generator set. The water cooling system for heat dissipation of the gas generator set comprises a heat dissipation priority analysis module, a water cooling pipeline architecture analysis module, a water cooling heat dissipation flow calculation module, a component confidence evaluation module and a water cooling heat dissipation processing module. The heat dissipation priority analysis module is used for analyzing a core heat sensitive component of the component; the water-cooling pipeline architecture analysis module is used for calculating heat radiation flux among components; the water-cooling heat dissipation flow calculation module is used for calculating the fluid friction resistance energy consumption corresponding to the pipeline architecture model and calculating the water-cooling heat dissipation flow of the pipeline architecture model in the heat dissipation simulation process; the component confidence evaluation module is used for evaluating component confidence corresponding to the component; and the water-cooling heat dissipation processing module is used for formulating a heat dissipation cooling scheme of the gas generator set and executing water-cooling heat dissipation processing of the gas generator set to obtain a heat dissipation result.

The invention discloses a two-degree-of-freedom bistable fluid friction nano-generator, a power generation method and application, and belongs to the technical field of wind power generation. The problems that in the prior art, wind power generation equipment is difficult to miniaturize, and the wind energy utilization rate needs to be improved are solved. The device comprises a power generation module, two sides of a movable plate in the power generation module and two fixed plates form two friction nanometer power generation mechanisms respectively, a friction medium layer adopts a grid type structure, and two pairs of magnets form a magnetic bistable mechanism; the fluid energy capturing module comprises a cylindrical shell for accommodating the power generation module; and the outer frame is arranged outside the cylindrical shell in a sleeving mode, and the cylindrical shell is connected with the outer frame through a first elastic assembly. Vortex-induced vibration excites the movable plate to vibrate, so that the friction nanometer power generation mechanism completes power generation, and compared with a traditional electromagnetic wind energy collector, the device is low in material cost, simple in design, miniaturized in structure and easy to maintain.

The invention discloses a dynamic sealing structure of a rotor device and a design method, and belongs to the field of rotor devices for fluid mechanics experiments. The structure comprises a rotor inner cylinder, a rotor outer cylinder and a rotor cover plate with an annular partition plate. A cavity between the rotor cover plate and the upper edge of the rotor inner cylinder is divided into a first gap and a second gap which are adjacent in the axial direction through the partition plate, and super-hydrophobic coatings are sprayed on the surface of the fixed wall between the two gaps and below the second gap so as to retain the anti-drag gas film. The two gaps are filled with sealing oil which is different in viscosity, immiscible with water and smaller than water in density, and layered sealing is formed. The invention further provides a corresponding design method, and collaborative optimization is carried out on parameters of the sealing structure by establishing an additional torque model and setting a constraint condition that T0 is larger than 50T3. The structure can effectively prevent fluid leakage and gas invasion under high-speed rotation, meanwhile, the additional torque introduced by sealing is controlled to be below 2% of the main torque, and the accuracy of a high-precision fluid friction torque test is remarkably improved.

The invention discloses a hovercraft protection device capable of reducing fluid friction through an overlapping structure, which comprises a connecting layer, more than one protection assembly is connected to the connecting layer, and each protection assembly comprises more than one protection part for preventing foreign matter puncture. The more than one protection part is arranged along the length direction of the connecting layer at equal intervals in an array manner to form a protection part connecting group, the outer contour of each protection part is in a scale-like shape with the diameter and height of two ends gradually increased, the protection parts are detachably connected to the outer wall of the connecting layer, and a wear-resistant layer is arranged on the connecting layer; the multiple protection parts are arranged on the connecting layer, the flexible apron of the hovercraft is wrapped and covered with the fish scale-like protection parts, and the situation that the flexible apron is damaged and leaks air due to the fact that foreign matter collides with the flexible apron is avoided. A firmer protection layer can be formed through the multiple protection parts which are arranged in an overlapped mode, external attacks and damage are effectively resisted, and the protection effect on the connection layer is improved.

The utility model relates to the technical field of steel pipe processing, and discloses a steel pipe inner wall wear-resistant, corrosion-resistant and high-temperature-resistant coating device which comprises a U-shaped table, a heat preservation layer coating box is fixedly connected to the rear portion of the right side in the U-shaped table, and a wear-resistant and corrosion-resistant coating box is fixedly connected to the middle of the right side of the inner wall of the U-shaped table. And the front side of the right portion of the interior of the U-shaped table is fixedly connected with a coating coating box, the left side of the coating coating box and the left side of the abrasion-resistant coating box communicate with material pumps, the output ends of the material pumps communicate with telescopic pipes, and the front ends of the telescopic pipes communicate with flow dividing pipes. According to the utility model, through the mutual cooperation of the dismounting mechanism, the coating coating box, the abrasion-resistant coating box, the thermal insulation layer coating box, the handle, the material pump, the telescopic pipe, the shunt pipe, the electromagnetic valve, the nozzle and the like, the coating is prevented from falling off, the fluid friction resistance is reduced through the arrangement of the lubricating layer, the conveying efficiency is improved, and the heat loss is reduced through the arrangement of the thermal insulation layer; and the energy utilization efficiency is improved.

Method for controlling the operation of a plain bearing, comprising the steps: a) Determining the temperature dependence of the dynamic viscosity of the lubricant in the plain bearing; b) Determining the transition temperature of the sliding bearing from semi-fluid friction to fluid friction; c) Determining the temperature dependence of the bearing characteristic λ(T) and the value of the bearing characteristic λ kr of the sliding bearing transition from semi-liquid to liquid friction based on the temperature dependence of the dynamic viscosity of the lubricant; d) Measuring the operating temperature of the plain bearing; e) Adjusting the operating temperature of the plain bearing to determine the bearing characteristic λ Rab near λ kr to be kept in a range that forms a transition between semi-fluid friction and fluid friction.

The invention discloses a coreless axial flux motor with air gaps filled with ferrofluid and a design method thereof, the coreless axial flux motor with the air gaps filled with the ferrofluid comprises a stator with a stator winding and a rotor with permanent magnets, the air gaps are formed between the stator and the rotor, and the air gaps are filled with the ferrofluid; the design method comprises the steps of generating a current motor design scheme according to structure parameters of the coreless axial flux motor; establishing a motor model of the coreless axial flux motor according to the current motor design scheme, and calculating the power required by ferrofluid friction loss to be overcome by rotor rotation; and if the power does not meet the preset constraint condition, adjusting the structural parameters of the coreless axial flux motor, and repeating the steps until an optimal current motor design scheme is obtained. The invention aims to solve the problem of low air gap magnetic flux density of a traditional coreless axial magnetic flux motor and improve the heat dissipation performance of the coreless axial magnetic flux motor.

This invention relates to the field of power generation equipment cooling technology, and discloses a water cooling system and method for heat dissipation of gas generator sets. The water cooling system for heat dissipation of gas generator sets includes: a heat dissipation priority analysis module, a water cooling pipe architecture analysis module, a water cooling heat dissipation flow calculation module, a component confidence evaluation module, and a water cooling heat dissipation processing module. The heat dissipation priority analysis module is used to analyze the core heat-sensitive components of the constituent parts; the water cooling pipe architecture analysis module is used to calculate the heat radiation flux between the constituent parts; the water cooling heat dissipation flow calculation module is used to calculate the fluid friction energy consumption corresponding to the pipe architecture model and calculate the water cooling heat dissipation flow of the pipe architecture model during heat dissipation simulation; the component confidence evaluation module is used to evaluate the component confidence corresponding to the constituent parts; and the water cooling heat dissipation processing module is used to formulate a heat dissipation and cooling scheme for the gas generator set, execute the water cooling heat dissipation processing of the gas generator set, and obtain the heat dissipation results.

Embodiments use a torque-and-drag model or fluid friction model for predicting a zero tension or zero pressure for various operations such as rotary drilling and sliding, in vertical, curve, and lateral sections of a well, without using a downhole sensor. By adjusting coefficients of friction, the model can be used to match the predicted hook load, torque, and pressure values with the measured hook load, torque, and pressure values, respectively. A control system can thus determine more accurate zero values for weight on bit and / or differential pressure, which can be used to maintain, alter, plan, modify, and / or predict drilling parameters and conditions.

The present invention discloses an experimental system for measuring the friction loss of high-pressure fluid in the rotor-static gap and its working method, which belong to the field of impeller machinery design and analysis technology. Compared with the conventional friction loss measurement method, the present invention eliminates the influence of the bearing friction loss and the graphite ring sealing device friction loss in the main device of the experimental platform on the measurement of the fluid friction loss in the rotor-static gap, and greatly improves the measurement accuracy of fluid friction. At the same time, when measuring the bearing friction loss and the graphite ring sealing device friction loss, the fluid pressure in the rotor-static gap is fully reduced to reduce the influence of the fluid friction loss and improve the measurement accuracy. By improving the shaft end sealing technology, the measurement of the friction loss of high-pressure, high-density supercritical fluid in the rotor-static gap is realized. The present invention realizes the high-precision measurement of the friction loss of high-pressure fluid in the rotor-static gap, which can be used for the calibration of numerical simulation methods and friction loss prediction models.

This invention discloses a high-temperature resistant, corrosion-resistant, and drag-reducing coating for the inner wall of long-distance heating pipelines, its preparation method, and its application, belonging to the field of pipeline functional coating technology. The coating comprises a main agent A and an amine curing agent B. Main agent A uses modified epoxy resin and modified fluoropolymer as film-forming substances, combined with fillers such as talc and zinc phosphate, and specific functional additives, and is prepared through premixing, dispersion, shearing, and grinding. When sprayed onto the inner wall of long-distance heating pipelines, this coating forms a coating with a water contact angle of 113°, a surface roughness ≤2.27μm, a glass transition temperature Tg >130℃, and shows no significant corrosion after being boiled in 95℃ water for 900 days. Simultaneously, it reduces fluid friction resistance by 38.7% and transportation energy consumption by approximately 39%, effectively solving the problems of poor pipeline temperature resistance, high corrosion risk, and high resistance, extending pipeline life, and possessing both safety and energy-saving value.

Devices and methods for cleaning and / or drying endoscopic instruments, such as endoscopes, are provided. A drying device for use with an endoscopic instrument comprises an elongate member configured for advancement through an internal lumen within the endoscopic instrument and a drying member removably coupled to a portion of the elongate member. The drying element comprises a variable pressure region shaped and configured to increase the hydrodynamic fluid friction force and fluid pressure force applied to the wall of the internal lumen of the endoscope to more effectively remove all of the moisture and fluid from the internal surfaces of an endoscopic instrument.

Devices and methods for cleaning and / or drying endoscopic instruments, such as endoscopes, are provided. A drying device for use with an endoscopic instrument comprises an elongate member configured for advancement through an internal lumen within the endoscopic instrument and a drying member removably coupled to a portion of the elongate member. The drying element comprises a variable pressure region shaped and configured to increase the hydrodynamic fluid friction force and fluid pressure force applied to the wall of the internal lumen of the endoscope to more effectively remove all of the moisture and fluid from the internal surfaces of an endoscopic instrument.

A method for determining fluid friction pressure loss in a well pumping fluid includes measuring fluid pressure in the well while pumping at a first flow rate. The first flow rate is changed to a second flow rate and the fluid pressure is measured for a selected time. A modeled pressure response of the well is performed using selected values of parameters related to pipe friction factor. The modeled pressure response is compared to the measured pressure. The values of the parameters related to pipe friction factor are adjusted and the modeling and comparison are repeated until the modeled pressure response substantially matches the measured pressure. The first flow rate is changed and the measuring, modeling, comparing, adjusting the parameters related to pipe friction factor, and repeating the modeling and comparison are repeated to determine a relationship between the values of the parameters related to pipe friction factor and the first flow rate.

The utility model discloses a petroleum industry gate valve with a built-in cooling channel, which relates to the field of petroleum industry gate valves and is characterized by comprising a valve body, a valve rod arranged in the middle of the valve body and a valve plate arranged at the bottom of the valve rod. The water inlet pipe and the water outlet pipe are arranged on the two sides of the outer side wall of the valve body and connected with a pipeline on an external circulating cooling pipeline through the water inlet pipe and the water outlet pipe, so that a circulating cooling channel is formed, and the effect is that heat generated by high-pressure fluid friction, chemical corrosion or environmental radiation of the valve body is continuously taken away; the temperature of the valve body material is always lower than a critical value, and thermal deformation of a sealing surface, valve plate blocking and thermal expansion failure of the valve rod are effectively prevented.