The invention discloses a system and a method for automatically testing an analog module with a settable input/output (I/O) channel in a programmable logic controller (PLC). The system comprises an upper control computer, a programmable direct current signal source, a digital multimeter, a channel and voltage/current mode switching control plate and a communication interface, wherein the upper control computer sets a testing parameter, issues an instruction to realize output or measurement, receives a test result and makes judgment according to the result; the programmable direct current signal source receives the instruction and the parameter to set the output as a voltage or current mode, sets and outputs a voltage/current signal to an input channel; the digital multimeter receives the instruction to set the measurement as the voltage or current mode, measures the voltage or current signal output by an output channel and returns a measured value to a computer; the channel and voltage/current mode switching control plate switches a test channel and a voltage/current connection mode according to the instruction; and the communication interface transmits the parameter, the instruction and the test result between each device and a tested model. A computer reads the conversion value of the voltage or current measured value of the input channel through the communication interface or transmits a set numerical value to the output channel to convert the set numerical value into a voltage or a current.