The invention relates to a device for generating calibrated ultrafast pulse signals. The device comprises a microwave signal source, a power divider, a first femtosecond laser, a second femtosecond laser, a first focusing lens, a direct current voltage source, a direct current probe, an optical guide switch, an optical delay line, a balanced photoelectric detector, a plane mirror, a second focusing lens, a wave chopper, a function generator, a lock-in amplifier, a computer and a microwave probe. The device has the advantages of generating the pulse signals with ascending time less than 2 ps based on the femtosecond photoelectric technology and accurately measuring and calibrating the generated ultrafast pulse signals; as the calibrated ultrafast pulse signals can be used as standard ultrafast pulse signals for correcting the ascending time of a boardband real-time oscilloscope, the novel breakthrough of correcting the ascending time of the boardband real-time oscilloscope is achieved, the accuracy of correcting the ascending time is improved, and the complete tracing chain can be formed.