The invention belongs to the technical field of agricultural control, and discloses a water-saving irrigation control system and a control method. The water-saving irrigation control system comprises an agricultural data acquisition module, an environmental data acquisition module, a stored water quantity acquisition module, an image acquisition module, a central control module, an image processing module, a crop image extraction module, an analysis module, an irrigation determination module, an irrigation parameter calculation module, a judgment module, an irrigation module and a recovery module. According to the water-saving irrigation control system provided by the invention, crop images are extracted by collecting environment images of a planting area, crop states are analyzed and processed, whether crops need to be irrigated or not is intelligently judged by combining environment temperature and humidity and soil temperature and humidity data, irrigation parameters are automatically calculated based on the corresponding data, and irrigation is carried out, so that water resources can be saved, the inaccuracy of manual judgment is eliminated, and the intelligent degree of water-saving irrigation control is improved.