Provided is a precise automatic adjustment method and device of balance of an instrument machine core. Glue spraying is carried out on a machine core by using a glue spraying valve to achieve balance adjustment of the machine core, the glue spraying valve does not make contact with the machine core, interference and damage to the machine core in the glue spraying process are prevented, the angle of a meter pointer is measured in real time by using an image sensor and is fed back to a computer, the computer calculates glue spraying amount and glue spraying positions, and a main controller is used for controlling glue spraying action. An automatic adjusting device comprises a rack, a machine core action module, an image sensor detecting module, a micro-mass adjusting module, the computer and the main controller, the machine core action module controls a clamp and the machine core to rotate, the image sensor detects the angle of the pointer in the machine core, and the micro-mass adjusting module comprises the glue spraying valve and a movement mechanism. The precise automatic adjustment method and device of the balance of the instrument machine core achieves automatic precise adjustment of the balance of instruments, the balance errors of the instruments can be adjusted to less than 0.05 degree, and the precise automatic adjustment method and device of the balance of the instrument machine core is good in consistency, high in production efficiency and stable in product quality.