The invention provides a radiation air conditioning system with a constant-temperature layer and an air heat pump coupled. The radiation air conditioning system involves the constant-temperature layer, a filtering device, a system circulating pump, a radiant panel, a radiant panel circulating pump, an air-cooled heat pump unit, a heat recycling type ventilating unit, a water replenishing constant-pressure device, a climate compensation centralized control device and a room. According to the radiation air conditioning system, the structural design is reasonable, the equipment investment is saved, meanwhile, the application range of geothermal energy is widened, the energy utilization efficiency is improved, particularly, the climate compensation centralized control device is arranged, the operation state of the system is truly adjusted along with changes of the outdoor temperature and humidity, energy is saved, and real energy-saving operation is achieved.