630results about How to "Avoid creating" patented technology

A flip-chip electrode light-emitting element formed by multilayer coatings where a translucent conducting layer and a highly reflective metal layer acts as flip-chip electrode for enhancing the LED luminous efficiency. The flip-chip electrode light-emitting element includes a translucent substrate, a semiconductor die structure attached on the translucent substrate and made of group III nitride compounds, and an intermediate layer adapted to support the inverted semiconductor die structure on a submount. The flip-chip electrode formed by multiplayer coatings includes a current-spreading transparent conducting layer formed on a top side of the second type semiconductor layer, a highly reflective metal layer formed on a top side of the transparent conducting layer, a metallic diffusion barrier layer formed on a top side of the highly reflective metal layer, and a bonding layer electrically coupled to the intermediate layer and formed on a top side of the barrier layer. Moreover, an ohmic contact layer is formed on the transparent conducting layer. And a passivation layer encloses the die structure for insulating p / n interface and for avoiding the creation of the leakage current.

A system and process for thermolytic eradication of bacteria and biofilm in the root canal of a human tooth involve an elongated and flexible optical probe and a laser oscillator that provides the probe with low infrared energy. The optical probe is sufficiently long for insertion into substantially the entire length of the root canal of the tooth. The optical probe causes lateral dispersion of the radiation from the probe throughout the root canal. The radiation is provided at an energy density and for a period of time that are necessary to selectively target bacteria and live biofilm in the dentinal tubules of an entire root canal system, at once, thereby (1) inhibiting creation of a blackbody "hot tip", and (2) inducing laser interstitial thermotherapy (LITT) within the root-canal space.

A method and system for generating data for generating an authenticity certificate to be stored on a media. The authenticity certificate authenticates an object. A request for a step certificate includes a media identifier, a media key block, an object identifier, a requester entity type, and a requester identity certificate. The object identifier is hashed. A created signature includes the hashed object identifier, the requester entity type, a certifier identity certificate, and the requester identity certificate. A generated hashing result is a concatenation of the object identifier, the requester entity type, the certifier entity certificate, the requester identity certificate, and the signature. The step certificate including the hashing result is generated and encrypted. The encrypted step certificate and an encrypted random key are sent to a requester of the step certificate. The object may be determined to be an authentic object, a counterfeited object, or a stolen object.

When a connection is established between a client device and a server device, a first message requesting establishment of a downlink connection is transmitted from the client device to the server device, and a server device which has received the first message is caused to transmit to the client device a second message requesting establishment of an uplink connection. The client device which has received the second message is caused to transmit to the server device a third message acknowledging the second message and requesting establishment of the downlink connection. The server device which has received the third message is caused to establish the downlink connection based on the content of the third message.

A device and methods for treating tissue via laser energy to induce tissue reduction and / or necrosis are described herein. Laser energy may be applied to a tissue region via an optical fiber advanced through a lumen of at least one needle. Fluid may also be infused or injected into the tissue region through at least one needle. Tissue reduction and / or necrosis of a target tissue region in turn reduces the appearance of droopy, baggy and / or wrinkled skin.

The invention provides an apparatus in which recyclable materials are collected, analyzed, crushed, sorted and stored; interactive media content is displayed and coupons are printed, wherein the content is selected based upon location, material collected, user information, user responses, and other variables; information about the user, user responses, materials received and other variables are stored in memory; and rewards for providing recyclable materials are given to the user in the form of points, coupons, and / or cash.

The invention relates to a method of manufacturing a rare-earth doped alkaline-earth silicon nitride phosphor of a stoichiometric composition. Said method comprising the step of selecting one or more compounds each comprising at least one element of the group comprising the rare-earth elements (RE), the alkaline-earth elements (AE), silicon (Si) and nitrogen (N) and together comprising the necessary elements to form the rare-earth doped alkaline-earth silicon nitride phosphor (AE2Si5N8:RE). The method further comprises the step of bringing the compounds at an elevated temperature in reaction for forming the rare-earth doped alkaline-earth silicon nitride phosphor (AE2Si5N8:RE). In such a method normally a small amount of oxygen, whether intentionally or not-intentionally added, will be incorporated in the rare-earth doped alkaline-earth silicon nitride phosphor (AE2Si5N8:RE). According to the invention the creation of defects by formation of a non-stoichiometric oxygen containing phosphor is at least partly prevented by partly substituting for the ions (AE, Si, N) of the alkaline-earth silicon nitride phosphor (AE2Si5N8:RE) suitable further elements of the periodic system by which vacancies are created, filled or annihilated resulting in the formation of a modified alkaline-earth silicon nitride phosphor (AE2Si5N8:RE) having a stoichiometric composition. In this way a modified phosphor is obtained having excellent and stable optical properties. The invention further relates to a modified phosphor obtainable by the above-mentioned method and a radiation converting device comprising such a phosphor.