A satellite-based information transmission system mainly comprises a Beidou user machine, information transmission equipment, a multifunctional integrated service terminal and satellite communication antennas, wherein the information transmission equipment performs interaction of control information with the satellite communication antennas and the Beidou user machine through serial ports, and performs data transmission with the information integrated service terminal by use of a satellite channel and a Beidou channel; and the information transmission equipment includes a main control board, an adapter plate, a power module, a power panel and a modulation and demodulation module. A software system of the information transmission equipment adopts a bus distributed structure, an equipment control module is designed to include three layers, and the layers are respectively responsible for mutually independent tasks, thereby improving the cohesion of modules, reducing the coupling degree, and maintaining independence of the modules. The information transmission equipment can support two satellite communication antennas, and when one of the satellite communication antennas is shielded, a satellite communication link can be continued to be kept uninterrupted as long as the satellite communication antenna is switched to the other satellite communication antenna that is not shielded.