95results about How to "Low sampling rate" patented technology

A method and an apparatus measure blood oxygenation in a subject. A first signal source applies a first input signal during a first time interval. A second signal source applies a second input signal during a second time interval. A detector detects a first parametric signal responsive to the first input signal passing through a portion of the subject having blood therein. The detector also detects a second parametric signal responsive to the second input signal passing through the portion of the subject. The detector generates a detector output signal responsive to the first and second parametric signals. A signal processor receives the detector output signal and demodulates the detector output signal by applying a first demodulation signal to a signal responsive to the detector output signal to generate a first output signal responsive to the first parametric signal. The signal processor applies a second demodulation signal to the signal responsive to the detector output signal to generate a second output signal responsive to the second parametric signal. The first demodulation signal and the second demodulation signal both include at least a first component having a first frequency and a first amplitude and a second component having a second frequency and a second amplitude. The second frequency is a harmonic of the first frequency. The second amplitude is related to the first amplitude to minimize crosstalk from the first parametric signal to the second output signal and to minimize crosstalk from the second parametric signal to the first output signal.

A position detection system for use in association with computing applications, the system comprising: a positional element for attaining a position and comprising a first emitter for emitting a substantially continuous ultrasonic waveform decodable to fix said position, and a detector arrangement for detecting said waveform in a manner permitting fixing of said position and outputting said waveform for computation, in a manner retentive of said position fixing ability.

The system generally includes a crosspoint switch in the local data collection system having multiple inputs and multiple outputs including a first input connected to the first sensor and a second input connected to the second sensor. The multiple outputs include a first output and a second output configured to be switchable between a condition in which the first output is configured to switch between delivery of the first sensor signal and the second sensor signal and a condition in which there is simultaneous delivery of the first sensor signal from the first output and the second sensor signal from the second output. Each of multiple inputs is configured to be individually assigned to any of the multiple outputs. Unassigned outputs are configured to be switched off producing a high-impedance state. The crosspoint switch includes a third input that is configured with a continuously monitored alarm having a pre-determined trigger condition when the third input is unassigned to any of the multiple outputs.

A multimode/multiband mobile station and a method for operating the same are provided. A transmission module transmits multimode/multiband signals through transmitters. A reception module receives radio signals for different services of the same frequency band among multimode/multiband signals through receivers for the same frequency band, and receives radio signals of different frequency bands among the multimode/multiband signals through receivers for the different frequency bands. As compared with the conventional mobile station, the multimode/multiband mobile station can reduce the number of receivers by making use of one receiver to receive radio signals for different services of the same frequency band. The multimode/multiband mobile station can use a duplexer of the conventional frequency division duplex (FDD) technique (e.g., wideband code division multiple access (WCDMA)) in a time division duplex (TDD) technique (e.g., Global System for Mobile Communication (GSM) 850 or Personal Communication Service (PCS) 1900).

A method and apparatus for monitoring data traffic in a communication network are provided. A router connected to the communication network monitors information contained in the data traffic, and based on the information determines whether data in the traffic is indicative of a malicious threat to one or more resources connected to the network. Parameters which control monitoring of traffic at the router, such as the sampling rate and what information is to be extracted from the data is varied according to the condition of the network so that the monitoring can be adapted to focus on traffic which relates to a particular suspected or detected threat.

Implementations of the present principles include methods, systems and apparatuses for transmitting data through a sub-carrier multiplexing and orthogonal frequency-division multiple access passive optical network. In accordance with aspects of the present principles, a plurality of optical network units are assigned electrical carrier frequency bandwidths that are narrower than a system capacity bandwidth. Modulation of optical waves transmitted between an optical line terminal and each optical network unit is conducted on different orthogonal sub-carrier frequencies within the assigned bandwidths such that sampling of said orthogonal sub-carrier frequencies is limited to the assigned electrical carrier frequency bandwidths. The waves are thereafter received and demodulated for the extraction of data.

There is provided a system and a method for acquiring a detected light optical signal and generating an accumulated digital trace The method comprises providing a light source for illumination of a field of view, an optical detector, an analog-to-digital converter (ADC), emitting one pulse from the light source in the field of view, detecting a reflection signal of the pulse by the optical detector, acquiring j points for the detected reflection signal by the ADC, storing, in a buffer, the digital signal waveform of j points, introducing a phase shift of 2pi/P, repeating, P times, the steps of emitting, detecting, acquiring, storing and introducing, to store, in the buffer, an interleaved waveform of P×j points, accumulating M traces of interleaved P×j points for a total of N=M×P acquisition sets, N being a total number of pulses emitted, creating one combined trace of the reflected signal of j×P points by adding each point of the M traces Additionally, the combined trace can be compared to a detected reference reflection signal of the pulse to determine a distance traveled by the pulse

The system and method for estimating impulse response of a wideband communication channel represented as linear combination of L time-shifted pulsed P₁(t) with propagation coefficients a1, comprising functionalities or steps for obtaining an ultrawideband signal (y(t) of FIG. 1) received over the channel, filtered (h₍₁₎ of FIG. 1) with low pass/bandpass filter and sampled uniformly at a sub-Nyquist rate; a functionality for determining discrete-Fourier-transform coefficients Y_j and S_j (FFT of FIG. 1) from the sampled received signal and a transmitted ultra-wide-band pulse, respectively; a functionality for determining dominant singular vectors of a matrix having Y_j+l4 /S_j+i4, as its i, j-elements; a functionality for estimating a plurality of powers of signal poles from the dominant singular vectors and determining the times shifts from the estimated powers; and a functionality for determining the propagation coefficients from a system of linear equalizations.

Utility meter readings generated at low sampling rates are disaggregated to identify consumer usage activities. Time intervals between readings can include a plurality of consumer usage activities. By employing a model which recognizes associations among consumer usage activities, effective disaggregation is possible using only aggregated consumption data and interval start times. Consumers and utility managers can design and assess conservation programs based on the disaggregated consumption usage activities.

An apparatus is provided to calculate a quantity indicating a charged state of an on-vehicle battery. The battery powers a starter starting up an on-vehicle engine. In the apparatus, a plurality of pairs of data consisting of current and voltage of the battery are acquired at predetermined sampling intervals during a cranking period of the engine in response to starting up the starter. At intervals, a value of an internal resistance of the battery is calculated based on the plurality of pairs of data of current and voltage. The internal resistance is one kind of the charged-state indicating quantity. An open voltage difference is calculated, which is a difference between a pseudo circuit-open voltage of the battery given before starting up the starter and a pseudo circuit-open voltage of the battery given after the cranking period. The value of the internal resistance is corrected using the open voltage difference.

The invention relates to a method for real-time estimation of the queuing length of a signalized intersection based on a vehicle track. The method comprises the following steps: (1) judging a vehicle traffic state according to real-time vehicle traffic information; (2) estimating a vehicle queue-joining key point and a vehicle queue-leaving key point according to the real-time vehicle track information, vehicle traffic state and kinematical equation; (3) identifying an upstream reached fleet according to the estimated vehicle queue-joining key point; (4) performing queuing wave and evanescent wave estimation according to the estimated vehicle queue-joining key point, the queue-leaving key point and the identified fleet; and (5) estimating the intersection signal parameter and the queuing length according to the estimated queuing wave and evanescent wave. Compared with the prior art, the method is adaptive to a data environment with low sampling frequency and low sampling rate, and has the advantages of strong robustness, high real-time performance, good accuracy and the like.

A system and method of processing frequency-diversity coded signals with a low sampling rate less than the Nyquist rate for ultra-wideband devices are described. The frequency-diversity coding system comprises a frequency-diversity encoder, one or more first transformation device, a summation device, a signal filter, a sampling device, a second transformation device and a frequency-diversity decoder. The frequency-diversity encoder encodes a plurality of information blocks to output matrix elements. The first transformation devices convert the matrix elements into a plurality of OFDM symbols. The summation device superposes a plurality of frequency bands to generate a transmitted signal. The signal filter eliminates noise in the received signal. The signal filter comprises a low-pass filter for removing the noise in the received signal. The sampling device coupled to the signal filter samples the received signal by a sampling rate less than a Nyquist rate. The sampling rate is equal to the bandwidth of one subcarrier of the OFDM symbols. Additionally, the frequency-diversity decoder coupled to the second transformation device interprets the received signal to decode the information blocks.

A system and method for a real-time prognosis of a vehicle comprising a personal communication device comprising an arbitrarily oriented three-axis accelerometer configured to capture a pitch motion and/or roll motion of the vehicle and an onboard diagnostics system communicably connected with the personal communication device enabling bi-directional communication. The personal communication device comprising a processor configured for geometric mapping of a three dimensional Cartesian coordinate of the three-axis accelerometer with the vehicle. The processor virtually orients the coordinates of three-axis accelerometer to coincide with the coordinates of the vehicle. The arbitrarily oriented three-axis accelerometer is configured to capture a road condition and a driver behaviour using a sampling rate between 4 Hertz (Hz) to 10 Hertz (Hz). The system for the real-time prognosis of the vehicle, wherein the real-time prognosis utilizes at least one predictive analysis model to determine real-time prognosis for the said vehicle.

A system and method are disclosed for performing digital multi-channel decoding of a BTSC composite audio signal. Analog-to-digital conversion is performed on a composite analog audio signal at a fast clock rate to generate a composite digital audio signal at a first sample rate. Digital frequency compensation is performed on the composite digital audio signal at the first sample rate to generate a compensated composite audio signal. Digital channel demodulation and filtering are performed on the compensated composite audio signal at the first sample rate to generate a first single channel audio signal at a second sample rate.

A multi-mode, multi-band mobile station for use in wireless networks operating under different air interface standards. The present invention, the mobile station comprises a plurality of low-noise amplifiers. Each of the plurality of low-noise amplifiers is optimized for use in a selected frequency band. The mobile station also comprises a near-zero intermediate frequency (NZIF) broadband image rejection mixer for receiving an amplified RF signal from a selected one of the plurality of low-noise amplifiers and down-converting the amplified RF signal to produce a first analog intermediate frequency (IF) signal.

A nonperiodic waveform is forced to a periodic character to facilitate looping of the waveform without introducing audible, and thus objectionable, sound artifacts. Nonperiodic waveforms are typically nonperiodic due to the presence of nonharmonic high frequency spectral components. In time, the high frequency components decay faster than low frequency components and looping of the waveform is facilitated. A loop forcing process and loop forcing filter facilitate looping of a nonperiodic waveform by accelerating the removal of the nonperiodic high frequency components. A loop forcing filter accelerates the removal of nonperiodic high frequency components using a comb filter having a frequency selectivity that varies in time.

According to various embodiments of the invention a variable rate analog-to-digital converter can be used in conjunction with an anti-aliasing filter to allow the use of lower sampling rates, and accordingly, generally lower power consumption. For example, a lower sampling rate can be used when it is determined that no undesirable signals are present and a higher sampling period can be used when an undesirable signal is present. Determining the presence of an undesired signal can be based on signal-to-noise ratio, over-sampling, bit error rate, using a detector, etc. An undesirable signal can be any signal that is close in frequency to a signal of interest or signals farther away in frequency that has a relatively high amplitude. Sampling rate can be varied in a binary fashion, stepwise, continuously, etc.

A method for monitoring the operation of a wind energy plant having at least one blade angle adjustable rotor blade. Rotor blade vibrations are registered during operation by at least one measuring device, and at least one current natural frequency is established from the registered vibrations. At least one environmental parameter and/or at least one operational parameter, which influence the natural frequency of the rotor blade, is or are additionally registered. At least one natural frequency expected value dependent on the additionally registered parameter(s) and at least one confidence interval are calculated for the at least one established current natural frequency of the rotor blade, and whether the established current natural frequency lies within, or outside of, the confidence interval around the natural frequency expected value is monitored. Also disclosed is an operational control apparatus of a wind energy plant and a corresponding wind energy plant.

The system generally includes a crosspoint switch in the local data collection system having multiple inputs and multiple outputs including a first input connected to the first sensor and a second input connected to the second sensor. The multiple outputs include a first output and a second output configured to be switchable between a condition in which the first output is configured to switch between delivery of the first sensor signal and the second sensor signal and a condition in which there is simultaneous delivery of the first sensor signal from the first output and the second sensor signal from the second output. Each of multiple inputs is configured to be individually assigned to any of the multiple outputs. Unassigned outputs are configured to be switched off producing a high-impedance state. The local data collection system includes multiple multiplexing units and multiple data acquisition units receiving multiple data streams from multiple machines in the industrial environment. The local data collection system includes distributed complex programmable hardware device (CPLD) chips each dedicated to a data bus for logic control of the multiple multiplexing units and the multiple data acquisition units that receive the multiple data streams from the multiple machines in the industrial environment.

Signal conversion is implemented employing a memory system operating as a look-up table that stores a plurality of sets of output samples associated with each of a plurality of respective input samples. The look-up table thus can generate a corresponding set of output samples in response to a given input sample, thereby emulating desired digital upsampling and delta-sigma modulation. The output samples can be aggregated, such as by multiplexing, to provide an output data stream at a desired sample rate.