The invention provides a high-density lipoprotein cholesterol assay kit, the kit contains reagent R1 and reagent R2; the reagent R1 contains the following components: 3-morpholine propanesulfonic acid (MOPS) buffer solution, α-cyclic dextran Sulfate, dextran sulfate, pullulan, magnesium chloride, sodium N-ethyl-N-(2-hydroxy-3-sulfopropyl)-3-methylaniline, surfactant, preservative; Reagent R2 : 3‑morpholinopropanesulfonic acid (MOPS) buffer, cholesterol esterase (CEH), cholesterol oxidase (COD), peroxidase enzyme (POD), 4‑aminoantipyrine, flavin adenine di Nucleotide Disodium, Surfactant, Stabilizer, Preservative. The invention also provides the preparation method and application of the kit. The kit is a liquid kit with strong stability, strong anti-interference ability, high accuracy and good repeatability.