The invention discloses a preparation method of 1, 2-epoxypentane, which comprises the following steps: introducing a
cumene solution of
cumene hydroperoxide and 1-
pentene into a
fixed bed reactor filled with a catalyst layer, and carrying out epoxidation reaction on the 1-
pentene and the
cumene solution of
cumene hydroperoxide to generate the 1, 2-epoxypentane, wherein the catalyst layer is composed of a mesoporous
titanium-
silicon catalyst and a cocatalyst, the cocatalyst is aluminum
oxide loaded with a cometal element, and the cometal element is K, Na, Ca or Mg; the pH value A1 of the cumene solution of
cumene hydroperoxide and 1-
pentene before contacting the catalyst layer is smaller than the pH value A2 of the cumene solution of
cumene hydroperoxide and 1-pentene after contacting the catalyst layer. According to the method, under the condition that the filling amount and form of the original reaction catalyst are not changed and the aluminum
oxide carrier is loaded with elements such as K, Na, Ca, Mg and Sn, the
alkalinity adjusting effect of a
reaction system is provided, so that the epoxidation reaction is carried out in a neutral
system, the formation of 1, 2-pentanediol, aldehydes and acid byproducts is effectively reduced, the service life of the catalyst is prolonged, and the activity of the catalyst is improved.