The invention discloses a high-strength end face positioning compact turbine rotor device of a turbocharger. The device comprises a floating bearing, a bearing inner hole is formed in the middle of the floating bearing, a turbine rotor is installed on one side of the floating bearing, a rotor shaft is integrally connected to one side of the turbine rotor, one end of the rotor shaft is assembled in the bearing inner hole, an air compressor impeller is installed on the other side of the floating bearing, an impeller shaft is integrally connected to the side, close to the floating bearing, of the air compressor impeller, and the rotor shaft and the impeller shaft are fixedly connected to achieve torque and rotation transmission. According to the high-strength end face positioning compact turbine rotor device of the turbocharger, the machining difficulty of the turbine rotor and the number of shaft system parts can be reduced, and the manufacturing difficulty and the material cost can be reduced; the number of parts of the turbocharger can be reduced, the bearing reliability and the bearing efficiency can be greatly improved, and shaft system faults are reduced.