The invention discloses an underwater plant quadrat collecting device which comprises a submerged frame, the submerged frame is connected with a hanging wire, the submerged frame comprises a side wall frame body, a bottom plate, a partition plate and a push rod, the side wall frame body is a vertically-through surrounding frame, a vertically-through sampling groove is formed in the position, corresponding to a sampling and cutting area, of the bottom plate, a magnet is fixed to the right side face of the sampling and cutting area, the push rod horizontally penetrates through the partition plate, so that the left end of the push rod is located in the elastic pushing area and the right end of the push rod is located in the mining and cutting area, a head plate is installed at the left end of the push rod, a ferromagnetic plate is installed at the right end of the push rod, a spring is further installed on the push rod, and an operable buckle is arranged in the elastic pushing area and can clamp the head plate, a mounting rack is fixedly arranged over thesubmerged frame, and a waterproof camera and a water pump are mounted on the mounting rack. The underwater plant quadrat collecting device can directly sink into the water bottom, carries out underwater plant quadrat sampling at the water bottom, and is simple in structure and convenient to use.