The invention discloses a self-powered human body sitting posture monitoring back cushion. The back cushion comprises a main body part and a sensing part, the main body part comprises a back cushion base, a stepped groove, a power module, a signal processing module and a communication module, the sensing part comprises a supporting base, a flexible electrode layer, a lower friction layer, a paper folding structure layer, an upper friction layer and an electric lead, the lower friction layer is composed of a lower friction layer base and frustum-shaped protrusions, and an integrated forming process is adopted. According to the self-powered human body sitting posture monitoring back cushion based on the friction nanometer generator principle, electric signals are generated through contact and extrusion between the upper friction layer and the lower friction layer, an external power source does not need to supply power to the sensing module, and the back cushion has the advantages of being simple in structure, safe to use and environmentally friendly.