The invention discloses an
optical fiber type
angular displacement measuring device and method based on orbital
angular momentum light beam interference, and relates to the field of
angular displacement measurement. When the device works, a
laser emitting
assembly emits two beams of light, and the two beams of light are transmitted to a spiral long-period
fiber grating and a micro-nano
polarization maintaining optical fiber respectively; the spiral long-period
fiber grating converts the received light from a fundamental mode into a first-order orbital
angular momentum mode, and then the light is transmitted to the beam combiner through the first lens; the micro-nano polarization-maintaining
optical fiber rotates along with the rotary displacement table to generate
angular displacement, outputs the light after
phase change to the reflector through the second lens, reflects the light to the convex lens, changes the light into spherical
waves through the convex lens, and transmits the spherical
waves to the beam combiner; interference is formed between the
spherical wave received by the beam combiner and the light in the first-order orbital
angular momentum mode, and a corresponding spiral interference image is obtained through detection of the
detector and used for calculating the angular displacement amount. According to the invention, high-precision and large-range precise angular displacement measurement can be realized at the same time.