The invention discloses a traditional Chinese medicine composition for treating mental anxiety. Generalized anxiety is a clinical common type, characterized by chronic anxiety and easy to recur and difficult to cure. Anxiety disorder has the main symptoms of fear and tension lacking definite objects and concrete contents, and is accompanied with vegetative nerve symptoms, muscular tension and motion disturbance of patients. On treatment, medicaments with anti-anxiety effects, such as benzodiazepines, tricyclic compounds, SSRIS (selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors) and the like are adopted generally, but the side reactions are relatively large. Anxiety disorder can be classified according to the aetiological agents into types of stagnation of the liver-qi, deficiency of both heart and spleen, deficiency of heart blood, moist heat in both liver and gall and deficiency of both qi and blood by differentiation of symptoms and signs in traditional Chinese medicine. The traditional Chinese medicine composition for treating mental anxiety is capable of soothing the liver and relieving depression, arresting convulsion and soothing nerves, and is used for treating mental depression, panic insomnia, chest distress and other symptoms. The traditional Chinese medicine composition is prepared from bupleurum, angelica, chuanxiong rhizome, tuckahoe, uncaria, multiflower knoweed stem, fried bighead atractylodes rhizome and licorice. In the prescription, the bupleurum is bitter in taste and cool in nature, has good efficacies on treating alternate attacks of chills and fever, fullness sensation in chest, hypochondriac pain, bitter taste, deafness, headache, dizziness and the like. The traditional Chinese medicine composition can alleviate patients from the suffering of mental anxiety and reduce the economic burden on patients. The traditional Chinese medicine composition is a pure traditional Chinese medicine oral preparation, and can be safely taken for a long term.