The invention provides a helicopter moving part vibration signal data quality calculation method, and the method comprises the following steps: A, setting vibration sampling frequency and sampling time, and synchronously acquiring a vibration signal and a rotating speed signal; B, averagely dividing the vibration signal and the rotating speed signal into n sections, intercepting each section of vibration signal according to the synchronous rotating speed signal, and carrying out time domain average processing; C, performing FFT conversion on the n time domain synchronous average signals in sequence, and extracting amplitudes and phases of the n rotating speed same-frequency vibration signals; D, eliminating abnormal values of the amplitudes of the n rotating speed same-frequency vibrationsignals by utilizing a 3[delta] rule; E, calculating dynamic balance data quality according to the maximum value and the minimum value of the amplitude of the residual rotating speed same-frequency vibration signals; and F, if the mass of the dynamic balance data is smaller than the mass of the dynamic balance data, calculating the average value of amplitudes and phases of residual rotating speedsame-frequency vibration signals, otherwise, returning to the step A. The accuracy of the helicopter dynamic balance test result can be effectively improved, and the number of times of field dynamic balance adjustment is reduced.