The invention discloses a full-path compensation primary wave and multiple wave combined imaging method in a
deep sea environment, and particularly relates to the field of marine geophysical exploration. The method comprises the following steps: establishing an
observation system by inputting a speed field, a Q compensation parameter field and an actual observation gun
record, inputting a
seabed rugged surface elevation and an
observation system file, generating an orthogonal
skin grid, and converting the speed field and the Q compensation parameter field into a curved coordinate
system; calculating a forward modeling operator, a primary wave and multiple wave joint accompanying operator and a demigration operator of a full-path Q compensation
wave field under a rugged
seabed condition based on
deep sea environment characteristics, constructing a target functional of full-path Q compensation primary wave and multiple wave
joint imaging, and solving a gradient; and calculating a full-path compensation primary wave and multiple wave combined imaging result under a curved coordinate
system, converting the result into a Cartesian coordinate
system, and outputting an imaging result. Theinfluence of the fluctuating
seabed surface is eliminated, the primary wave and multiple wave information is fully utilized, and the imaging precision in the
deep sea environment is improved.