The invention discloses a charging pile thermal management system. The system comprises a thermal management unit, a charging pile module, an expansion water tank and a connecting guide pipe; the thermal management unit comprises a device shell, a compressor, a condenser, an air blower, an expansion valve, a plate heat exchanger, a water pump, a heater and the like; and the charging pile module comprises a plurality of charging piles, a circulating main pipe, circulating branch pipes, waterway electromagnetic valves and branch pipe water temperature sensors. According to the system, by controlling the temperature of a coolant to exchange heat in the charging piles, the cooling rate of the charging piles is greatly increased, and thus the charging piles are greatly improved in the aspects of temperature control stability, temperature difference degree, efficiency and the like. The system is provided with the thermal management unit and the charging pile module which are separated, the thermal management unit and the charging pile module are in butt joint through four butt joint ports, the thermal management unit can be installed at positions farther than the charging pile module, and thus selectable installation positions of the thermal management unit are greatly increased without occupying the charging pile installation space.