The invention relates to an air-pollution detecting method, comprising an image digitized device, an image processing computer and an image output device, wherein, the image digitized device is connected with the image processing computer, the image processing computer is connected with the image output device; firstly, the picture file format is led into the image digitized device, the coloring information of pixel points of the picture is obtained and input into the image processing computer for gray-scale processing, then subtraction processing of smoke-free default for gray-scale processing results in the setting area is conducted, the number of the pixel points in the threshold range is calculated, lastly, the judgment that whether smoke is discharged is provided, and the analysis progress is displayed in the image output device in percentage. Compared with the prior art, the invention has characteristics of good monitoring intensity, less human expenditure, and wide application range.