The invention discloses a universal piston temperature measuring device for a combustion engine. The device comprises a first thermal insulation box, a second thermal insulation box, a first fixing seat, a second fixing seat, an analog switch circuit module, a memory module and a thermocouple. A black box working mode is adopted for the universal piston temperature measuring device for the combustion engine. Before testing, the universal piston temperature measuring device is packaged on a piston; after the ending of the testing, a memory is taken out to read test data; the piston temperatureunder the working condition of a plurality of engines can be continuously measured through one test, therefore, the system has stable working, and errors can be calibrated and eliminated. The whole device moves together with the piston, and no relative movement is available among all subsystems, therefore, the reliability of measuring the piston temperature with the thermocouple is greatly improved. The device is independently and hermetically integrated into a whole and has compact structure, only a little alteration is required on the piston, and the engine per se is unnecessary to alter; and the device is suitable for piston temperature measurement of the combustion engine with different uses.