831 results about "Thermal circuit" patented technology

The invention discloses an automatic control method and device for a thermal management system of an electric vehicle, relates to the field of intelligent control, and realizes multi-step prediction of battery and motor heat production and thermal load change in the future by fusing external information such as a navigation path and weather forecast, plans a thermal management strategy in advance, and improves the response perspectiveness of the system. A multi-source disturbance dynamic structured correlation equalization technology is adopted, the coupling relation between heat sources is modeled, cross disturbance is compensated through a joint state function, and multi-heat-loop cooperative control is achieved. On the basis of a model predictive control (MPC) framework, temperature tracking errors and energy consumption penalty are optimized, the energy consumption of actuators such as a compressor and a water pump is reduced while a safe temperature interval is met, and the endurance is prolonged. And in combination with a state estimator fusion model and observation data, the control precision and robustness under a complex working condition are enhanced, and finally global optimal thermal management considering the service life of parts, the comfort of passengers and the energy efficiency is realized.

The invention discloses an axial flux motor temperature prediction method based on equivalent thermal circuit method calculation, and the method comprises the following steps: 1, motor thermal circuit unit division: decomposing a motor into a stator unit, a rotor unit, an air gap unit and a housing unit, and constructing an equivalent thermal network through a node-branch method; 2, calculating a multi-physics coupling heat source; 3, thermal resistance parameter dynamic calculation and CFD coupling optimization: calculating conduction thermal resistance, convection thermal resistance and contact thermal resistance; and 4, parameter self-calibration based on machine learning: constructing a PINN model according to a physical law and known physical parameters, introducing a Bayesian optimization algorithm on the basis of the PINN model, adjusting and optimizing the parameters of the PINN model by using Bayesian optimization, designing a reinforcement learning algorithm, and carrying out self-calibration on the parameters of the PINN model. Enabling the reinforcement learning algorithm to dynamically adjust parameters according to the real-time operation data of the system and the prediction result of the PINN model; 5, constructing and solving a heat balance equation; and step 6, visualizing and verifying the temperature field.

The invention discloses a pressure storage and heat storage coupled regenerative heat pump power storage system and a regulation and control method thereof. The system is composed of an electric-power generation integrated unit, an energy storage compression and energy release expansion integrated unit, an energy storage expansion and energy release compression integrated unit, a high-temperature heat exchanger, a backheating heat exchanger, a cold energy absorption heat exchanger, a heat storage and cold storage storage tank, a high-pressure gas storage tank and the like. And an energy storage / energy release loop, a heat storage / heat release loop, a cold storage / cold release loop and a pressure heat coupling loop are formed by connecting pipelines. In the energy storage mode, the compressor unit is driven by electric energy to conduct multi-stage compression, and compression heat and expansion cold are stored in the high-temperature storage tank and the low-temperature storage tank correspondingly. In the energy release mode, the heat storage medium and the cold storage medium are sequentially released to supply heat or cold to the circulating working medium, and the expansion unit is driven to drive the generator to generate electricity. According to the method, bidirectional operation of energy storage and energy release is achieved through valve switching and circulation control, and power output and load change are adjusted within a second level through a pressure-heat coupling mechanism.

The invention provides a constant-heating defrosting system of a heat recovery air conditioner and a defrosting control method and device. According to the system, a compressor, a first electromagnetic valve, a water tank, a first expansion valve, a first one-way valve, a second electromagnetic valve, an outdoor heat exchanger and a four-way valve are connected to form a first heating loop; a compressor, a first electromagnetic valve, a water tank, a first expansion valve, a first one-way valve, a third electromagnetic valve, an energy storage water tank, a fourth electromagnetic valve and a four-way valve are connected to form a first defrosting loop. A compressor, a fifth electromagnetic valve, a second one-way valve, an outdoor heat exchanger and a four-way valve are connected to form a second defrosting loop; and the first heating loop, the first defrosting loop and the second defrosting loop form a single heating water defrosting loop. The problem that in the prior art, in the defrosting process, the comfort experience of a user is affected due to the fact that an air conditioner does not conduct heating is solved.

The invention discloses a load capacity evaluation method for a new energy delivery transformer, particularly relates to the technical field of safe operation of power equipment, and is used for solving the problem that a safe load boundary is not accurate due to the fact that an existing evaluation method neglects an accumulated degradation effect of frequent actions of an on-load tap-changer on heat dissipation performance. The method comprises the following steps: constructing an interval time sequence by recording an action timestamp of an on-load tap-changer in real time, generating a permutation entropy value based on phase-space reconstruction, and triggering heat dissipation degradation evaluation; winding distributed optical fiber temperature and leakage magnetic field three-dimensional data are synchronously obtained, and a temperature-magnetic field coupling network is constructed to extract structural characteristic parameters to generate a heat dissipation degradation evaluation value; converting the evaluation value into a heat dissipation coefficient correction factor, dynamically correcting transformer thermal circuit model parameters in combination with real-time load current, and generating a safety load boundary in an adaptive degradation state; and finally outputting a load capacity evaluation result containing the corrected boundary. And dynamic correlation evaluation of the heat dissipation performance degradation and the safety load capacity of the transformer is realized.

The invention discloses a dynamic simulation modeling method for a compressed air energy storage system based on AMESIM and application, and belongs to the technical field of compressed air energy storage.The method comprises the steps that firstly, system indexes are determined, based on the system indexes, a system technological process diagram is designed, main equipment and auxiliary equipment are selected, and design point parameters of the main equipment and the auxiliary equipment in the energy storage and release stage are determined; then, according to the equipment model selection result, sub-models of all elements in the air circulation loop and the heat storage and exchange loop are selected in the AMESIM; thirdly, calibrating and verifying each main equipment sub-model by utilizing main equipment characteristics and model selection parameters, and building a steady-state simulation model of the compressed air energy storage system; and then, constructing a dynamic simulation model based on the steady-state model, and carrying out dynamic simulation verification and evaluation. According to the method, the co-simulation model integrating thermodynamics, fluid mechanics, control theory and mechanical dynamics can be quickly built, and the method has the advantages of being high in model modeling precision, high in multidisciplinary coupling calculation capacity, high in simulation efficiency and the like.

The invention relates to the technical field of cable joint temperature monitoring, and discloses a cable joint temperature monitoring method and system. A target model is constructed based on equipment data of a cable intermediate joint, regions are divided according to geometric shapes and materials to form a topological structure, and an initial thermal circuit model is constructed in combination with temperature field distribution and a thermal resistance branch; and optimizing the model by using the real-time temperature data, and finally judging the running state of the joint through the thermal circuit model. Complex grid discretization is replaced by an equivalent thermal resistance branch through a thermal circuit model, and the calculation speed is remarkably increased; through topological structure division, the limitation of an analytical method on a regular shape is broken through, and a special-shaped structure can be accurately processed; and the thermal circuit model maps an actual boundary through a thermal resistance parameter, so that an error caused by boundary simplification in an analytical method is avoided. The technical problems that a numerical method and an analytical method adopted by a traditional cable connector need to consider grid division and numerical stability, so that the calculation speed is low, and complex geometrical shapes and boundary conditions cannot be accurately analyzed are solved.

The invention provides an energy gradient utilization steam Rankine cycle power generation system and method for nuclear fusion, and belongs to the field of nuclear fusion energy conversion and utilization. Different temperature heat of a cladding, a divertor and a vacuum chamber is guided into a high-temperature independent heat storage loop, a medium-temperature independent heat storage loop and a low-temperature independent heat storage loop respectively, an operation section stores heat, and a pause section releases heat; feed water is heated step by step through a multi-stage preheater, an evaporator and a superheater according to the sequence of low temperature, medium temperature and high temperature, and superheated steam of 550 DEG C is formed to continuously drive a turbine to generate power. Decoupling of intermittent output of the fusion reactor and continuous operation of the power generation system is achieved, steam extraction of a steam turbine is omitted, the structure is simplified, and the energy utilization rate and the circulation efficiency are improved.

The invention relates to a fused salt heat storage system based on heat energy grading matching. The system comprises a first-stage heat exchange unit, a second-stage heat exchange unit, a third-stage heat exchange unit and a mixing unit, and the first-stage heat exchange unit comprises a first-stage fused salt heat storage loop and a first-stage heat exchange adjusting valve and is used for absorbing and storing high-grade heat of exhaust gas of an exhaust pipeline of a boiler furnace; the second-stage heat exchange unit comprises a second-stage fused salt heat storage loop and a second-stage heat exchange regulating valve and is used for absorbing and storing high-grade heat of main steam extraction of a main steam extraction pipeline of a high-pressure cylinder of the steam turbine; the third-stage heat exchange unit comprises a third-stage fused salt heat storage loop and a third-stage heat exchange regulating valve and is used for absorbing and storing low-grade heat of air exhaust of an intermediate-pressure cylinder of an air exhaust pipeline of the intermediate-pressure cylinder of the steam turbine; the mixing unit mixes the three kinds of exhaust heat and outputs working medium fluid meeting the target temperature so as to adapt to different preset operation working conditions of the thermal power generating unit. Therefore, heat energy can be stored and released in a gradient mode through the system, wide-temperature-range efficient utilization is achieved, and the flexibility and energy efficiency of the thermal power generating unit are improved.

The utility model provides a low-energy-consumption fused salt micro-channel heat exchanger performance testing platform supporting long-time operation. The platform comprises a fused salt loop, a steam loop and a heat conduction oil heat storage loop. Wherein the steam loop can perform primary steam energy recovery, is led out from a steam side outlet of a tested fused salt micro-channel heat exchanger, is sequentially connected with a steam pipeline of the fused salt preheater, a steam pipeline of the steam-water-oil heat exchanger and the steam-water electric heater, and then is connected into a steam side inlet of the tested fused salt micro-channel heat exchanger; wherein the fused salt preheater is connected to a pipeline between a low-temperature fused salt tank and a high-temperature fused salt tank in the fused salt loop, and recycled steam energy is used for heating low-temperature fused salt; the heat conduction oil heat storage loop can conduct secondary energy recovery, and residual steam energy in the steam-water-oil heat exchanger is further recovered into heat conduction oil. According to the test platform, high-temperature steam energy discharged by the test platform can be fully recycled and utilized, and long-time operation of the test platform is realized while energy waste is reduced.

The invention discloses a high-efficiency explosion-proof three-phase asynchronous motor, which comprises a motor, the motor comprises a shell, a stator, a rotor and a rotating shaft, the outer wall of the driving end of the rotating shaft is fixedly connected with a compression fan, the shell is provided with backflow channels, and the backflow channels are annularly distributed on the shell in an array manner. The two ends of the shell communicate with the left end and the right end of the shell correspondingly, so that airflow forms a closed heat exchange loop in the shell; a heat conduction connecting frame is arranged between the inner wall of the shell and the stator, extends to the left end of the stator and is provided with a shunting cover; the invention belongs to the technical field of motors, aims to solve the problem that in the prior art, the temperature of internal parts of a motor shell cannot be effectively conducted to the shell, and local heat accumulation is likely to be generated, and achieves the technical effects that airflow is divided into two strands through a flow dividing cover, and the inner strand of airflow directly cools the left end of a rotor and the left end of a stator through an exhaust port; the outer airflow strengthens cooling of the outer wall of the stator, and accurately distributes the airflow to the end part of the rotor / stator with the most serious heat accumulation.

The invention provides an efficient design optimization method and platform for gas insulated power transmission equipment, and the method comprises the steps: obtaining a variable set composed of a plurality of variable values according to a structure variable interval of the gas insulated power transmission equipment, carrying out the scanning calculation of the variable set, and obtaining the corresponding vortex field distribution and ohmic loss; determining a target loss value corresponding to each variable combination through a loss regression function; taking the target loss value as heat source excitation input of a thermal circuit model to obtain a temperature target function; obtaining a total cost objective function of the unit length according to the cost of the metal material and the internal insulating gas of the unit length equipment; solving the objective function and the nonlinear constraint function through a multi-objective particle swarm optimization algorithm to obtain a Pareto optimal solution set; determining a final target design scheme from the Pareto optimal solution set by adopting an approximate ideal solution sorting method; according to the technical scheme, the working efficiency of design optimization of the gas insulated power transmission equipment is improved, and the research and development period of the equipment is shortened.

The embodiment of the invention discloses a transformer winding overheating fault diagnosis method, and relates to the technical field of power equipment state monitoring, and the method comprises the steps: building a temperature field model of a target transformer under a normal working condition and a plurality of preset winding overheating fault working conditions through a finite element simulation method, and obtaining a temperature field model of the target transformer based on a simulation result; calculating to obtain a group of fault temperature rise critical values corresponding to the positions of the winding sections; when the transformer runs on line, actual measurement temperature rise data of a plurality of positions on the surface of a box body of the transformer are obtained, and the actual measurement temperature rise data are compared with a fault temperature rise critical value so as to locate a winding section where an overheating fault occurs; for the fault section, solving an actual overheating temperature rise value of the fault section through an inversion calculation method by utilizing a preset transformer equivalent thermal circuit model and combining the actually measured top layer oil temperature and bottom layer oil temperature data; high-precision simulation is arranged offline, an efficient algorithm is used online, the diagnosis precision and efficiency are both considered, the accuracy is high, and the practicability is high.

The invention belongs to the technical field of heat exchangers, and particularly relates to a testing system of a phase change energy storage heat exchanger. The test system comprises a water storage unit, a heating unit, a cooling unit and a phase change energy storage heat exchanger unit. The test system can quickly test multiple alternate cooling and heating circulation working conditions such as same-direction, reverse and horizontal flow of the cooling and heating loop. In addition, the outlet temperature of the fluid working medium of the phase change energy storage heat exchanger can be accurately obtained in real time, and the heat storage capacity of the phase change energy storage heat exchanger can be accurately verified. Besides, basic data are provided for engineering design of the phase-change energy storage heat exchanger, the design condition of the phase-change energy storage heat exchanger can be evaluated, the optimization direction of application of the phase-change energy storage heat exchanger in the aerospace field is fully known and mastered, design errors of the phase-change energy storage heat exchanger are reduced, and the design efficiency is improved. And the technical development of application of the phase change energy storage heat exchanger to the high-power space load is promoted.

The invention belongs to the technical field of power distribution automation of a power system, and particularly relates to a self-adaptive load control method and system for an intelligent cable branch box, and the method comprises the steps: collecting and preprocessing the current data of a branch loop and the temperature data of a cable joint in real time, obtaining a data confidence factor, and extracting a current change rate and a temperature rise rate; obtaining a load prediction value in a future set time period through a load trend prediction model; calculating the residual heat tolerance time for reaching the limit tolerance temperature; calculating an output load control adjustment coefficient based on the adaptive load control decision model and a particle swarm optimization algorithm; and judging a current state interval according to the load control adjustment coefficient, and controlling an execution end to execute a grading response strategy of through-flow maintenance, short-time overload monitoring and early warning and breaking current limiting in combination with the residual heat tolerance time. According to the method, the residual heat tolerance time is calculated in combination with load prediction and a transient thermal circuit model, and hierarchical response of load control is realized through a particle swarm optimized radial basis function neural network decision.

A vehicle, including: a battery; a battery cooling circuit configured to allow a first coolant to flow and adjust a temperature of the battery; a refrigeration cycle for air conditioning including an electric compressor, a condenser, an outdoor heat exchanger, and an evaporator, and configured to allow a second coolant to flow; and a heating circuit including a heater core and configured to allow a third coolant to flow, in which the battery cooling circuit, the refrigeration cycle, and the heating circuit are configured to allow the first coolant, the second coolant, and the third coolant flow through respective circuits independently, and the condenser is configured to exchange heat between the second coolant flowing through the refrigeration cycle and the third coolant flowing through the heating circuit.

The invention discloses an integrated parking heater heat management system, which belongs to the technical field of heater heat management and is provided with a parking heater combustion loop, a tail gas waste heat recovery loop, a cooling heat energy recovery loop, a heat accumulator loop and other heat source loops, and oil inlet and fan air inlet are adjusted in real time according to multi-block temperature and preset temperature. Fuel loss is effectively reduced while operation is intelligent, various heat sources such as a heat storage loop, a parking heater combustion loop, a tail gas waste heat recovery loop and a cooling heat energy recovery loop can be integrated, comprehensive recycling and efficient distribution of heat energy are achieved, the operation cost is reduced, and the heat energy utilization rate is increased.

The embodiment of the invention relates to a 10kV cable partial discharge signal detection and positioning method based on temperature influence. The method comprises the following steps: arranging an optical fiber temperature sensor and an ultrahigh frequency partial discharge sensor for a 10kV cable; performing temperature compensation on the discharge signal based on a Schottky-tunneling effect model, synchronously acquiring point wire core temperature, outer sheath temperature and the discharge signal, and calculating the wire core temperature of the 10kV cable by using a thermal circuit model; and calculating the position of a discharge point according to the propagation velocity of the discharge signal after the temperature compensation is corrected according to the core temperature of the 10kV cable. According to the invention, temperature compensation is carried out on the discharge signal based on the Schottky-tunneling effect model, the distortion of the discharge signal is eliminated, and the detection precision in a temperature-sensitive environment is improved; the signal propagation speed is corrected through the thermal circuit model, the problem that the positioning error is large under the high-temperature working condition in a traditional method is solved, and meter-scale precision positioning is achieved.

The invention relates to the technical field of energy control, and provides an ultra-low environment temperature carbon dioxide-based dual energy supply control system, which comprises a main circulation unit, an auxiliary circulation unit, a heat exchange water path module and a controller, a CO2 heating loop is adopted in the main cycle, and an R134a condensation supercooling loop is adopted in the auxiliary cycle; a controller constructs a directed graph structure based on thermodynamic topology, a three-branch convolution mechanism is adopted to model an energy transfer path, embedded representation is optimized and controlled in combination with an interval-contrast loss function, and an accurate control instruction is generated to adjust components such as a compressor and a throttling valve; in the aspect of fault diagnosis, a time parameterization convolution-symmetric GRU model is constructed, a Legendre polynomial is utilized to model a time convolution kernel, a Verlet integral mechanism is combined to reconstruct a hidden state path, and accurate identification of an abnormal trend in multi-source data is realized. According to the system, the energy supply stability and the intelligent level in the extremely low-temperature environment are improved.

The invention relates to the technical field of cables, in particular to a submarine cable landing section current-carrying capacity optimization calculation method and related device.The method comprises the steps that an initial soil heat conductivity coefficient, a soil surface temperature measured value and a first cable parameter of a submarine cable are obtained; performing finite element temperature field simulation calculation on the submarine cable by using the first cable parameter and the initial soil heat conductivity coefficient to obtain a soil surface temperature simulation value; correcting the initial soil heat conductivity coefficient according to a comparison result of an error between the soil surface temperature simulation value and the soil surface temperature actual measurement value and a preset threshold range to obtain a target soil heat conductivity coefficient, obtaining a pre-constructed equivalent thermal circuit model of the submarine cable, and inputting the target soil heat conductivity coefficient into the equivalent thermal circuit model to obtain a thermal circuit model of the submarine cable. The submarine cable landing section current-carrying capacity calculation method solves the technical problem that the current-carrying capacity of the submarine cable landing section is difficult to accurately and efficiently calculate in the prior art.

The invention relates to the technical field of physical energy storage, and discloses a compressed carbon dioxide energy storage multi-combined supply system capable of continuously supplying cold and an operation method of the compressed carbon dioxide energy storage multi-combined supply system. In the carbon dioxide loop, the energy storage route comprises a low-pressure air bag, a first heat regenerator, a compressor, a cooler, a condenser and a high-pressure storage tank which are connected in sequence; the energy release route comprises a high-pressure storage tank, a second heat regenerator, a heater, a turbine, a radiator and a low-pressure air bag which are connected in sequence; the heat storage loop absorbs heat to the cooler through a heat storage medium and releases heat to the heater through the heat storage medium; and the refrigerating circuit releases heat to the first heat regenerator and the second heat regenerator through a refrigerating working medium. In the off-peak electricity period, waste heat of the refrigerating loop is used for increasing the temperature of carbon dioxide at an inlet of the compressor, and the heat storage temperature can be increased; in the peak electricity period, waste heat of the refrigerating loop is used for meeting heat needed in the carbon dioxide gasification process, and consumption of the heat storage loop is reduced.

The present disclosure provides a multipurpose multi-source heat-storing compressed air energy storage system and a method thereof, including a packed bed heat-storing device, a heat-storing circuit, a heat-releasing circuit, a gas-storing circuit, a photothermal circuit, a heating-supplying circuit and a cooling-supplying circuit, wherein the heat-storing circuit and the heat-releasing circuit are connected to the packed bed heat-storing device, respectively, and the heat-storing heat exchanger of the heat-storing circuit and the heat-releasing heat exchanger of the heat-releasing circuit are connected with the gas-storing circuit, respectively, the photothermal circuit is connected with the heat-storing circuit, the heating-supplying circuit is connected with the heat-releasing circuit and the photothermal circuit, the cooling-supplying circuit is connected to the packed bed heat-storing device and the photothermal circuit, the photothermal circuit heats the heat-storing circuit and the heat-releasing circuit.

The invention relates to a heat management system and a vehicle, the heat management system comprises an air conditioner loop, a multi-way valve and a heat mixing module connected between the multi-way valve and the air conditioner loop, and the heat mixing module and the multi-way valve are jointly configured to selectively enable a heat exchange medium in the air conditioner loop to independently circulate, or at least part of the heat exchange medium flows out of the air conditioner loop. According to the heat management system, by controlling the multi-way valve and the mixed heat module, independent circulation of the heat exchange medium in the air conditioner loop can be achieved, direct refrigeration and heating of the heat pump system are achieved, and the heat pump system directly acts on a passenger compartment; and part or all of the heat exchange media in the air conditioner loop can flow into other heat exchange loops, indirect refrigeration and heating of the heat pump system are achieved, heat utilization and distribution are achieved, and the requirements of different scenes are met.

The invention relates to the technical field of power equipment monitoring and fault diagnosis, and discloses a power transformer fault early warning method and system. The method comprises the following steps: acquiring a load current sequence, an environment temperature sequence and a top oil temperature sequence of a transformer; calculating an initial actually measured temperature rise based on the top oil temperature and the environment temperature, and determining thermal response lag time through cross-correlation analysis; carrying out translation correction on the load current according to the lag time, and constructing a time-aligned excitation input set and an actually measured temperature rise sequence based on a common effective time window; substituting the excitation input set into a thermal circuit model based on a thermal balance differential equation to calculate a theoretical reference temperature rise, calculating a residual error in combination with an actually measured temperature rise sequence, performing moving average filtering, and constructing a fault feature vector; and inputting the fault feature vector into a fault diagnosis classification model to determine a fault type and severity, and generating a grading early warning instruction according to the fault type and severity. According to the method, thermal hysteresis interference can be eliminated, and accurate quantitative early warning of the latent thermal fault of the transformer under the dynamic working condition is realized.

The invention provides a transformer heavy overload evaluation analysis method and device, and the method comprises the steps: building a thermal circuit model of load-induced heat point temperature rise of a transformer according to the heating power, equivalent heat capacity and equivalent heat resistance of an internal winding of the transformer, and load-induced heat top oil temperature rise of the transformer; converting a heat flow source in the heat circuit model into a hot pressure source based on the Thevenin theorem, constructing an equivalent heat circuit model of the heat circuit model, and calculating load heating hot spot temperature rise of the transformer under different load rates according to the equivalent heat circuit model; according to the historical environment heating temperatures of the transformer under different load rates, obtaining predicted environment heating temperatures of the transformer under different load rates; and obtaining winding hot-spot temperatures of the transformer under different load rates according to the load heating hot-spot temperature rise and the predicted environment heating temperature of the transformer under the same load rate. According to the invention, the thermal state sensing precision of the transformer under the dynamic load is improved.

A thermal management system and method, a computer device, a vehicle and a storage medium. A four-way valve (17) can regulate the connection relationship between an electric drive circuit and a battery circuit, and a three-way valve can regulate the connection relationship between a heating apparatus, a heating circuit and the battery circuit. Therefore, said system can meet the requirement of the heating circuit selectively heating a passenger compartment and a battery (31) and the requirement of the electric drive circuit using electric drive waste heat to selectively heat the battery and the passenger compartment; and for some scenarios of vehicle use at year-round high temperatures, no heat pump system is required, thus making designed valve parts and system piping simpler, reducing the cost and resource waste of the thermal management system, and lowering the complexity of piping control.

The invention discloses a laminated half-bridge power semiconductor module with a temperature sensor, and the module comprises a heat dissipation bottom plate, an insulating ceramic layer, a functional metal layer which forms a circuit pattern, and a low-side power semiconductor chip and a high-side power semiconductor chip which are disposed on the functional metal layer, the low-side power semiconductor chip and the high-side power semiconductor chip are connected in an up-and-down stacking mode through a middle metal layer and are electrically connected with the power terminal, the first temperature sensor is fixedly arranged on the upper surface of the ceramic material to jointly form a sensing composite body, and the first temperature sensor is electrically connected with the high-side power semiconductor chip. The temperature sensor has the beneficial effects that the temperature sensor is directly and fixedly arranged on the key heat flow path metal conductor by taking the high-thermal-conductivity and insulating ceramic material as a carrier, so that a thermal circuit is effectively shortened, the response speed is increased, the measurement precision is improved, the junction temperature is truly reflected, the junction temperature of the chip is rapidly and accurately monitored, and the high-voltage insulation safety is ensured.

An expansion tank, a thermal management system, and a vehicle. An expansion tank (10) is for use in a vehicle, and the vehicle comprises a motor heat exchange circuit (20) and a battery heat exchange circuit (30). The expansion tank (10) comprises a tank body (100) and a flow channel assembly (200). The tank body (100) defines a fluid storage chamber (130) for storing a heat exchange fluid. The flow channel assembly (200) comprises a first flow channel portion (210) and a second flow channel portion (220). The first flow channel portion (210) and the second flow channel portion (220) jointly define a fluid replenishment passage (230) and a degassing passage (240). Both the fluid replenishment passage (230) and the degassing passage (240) are in communication with the fluid storage chamber (130), and both can communicate with the motor heat exchange circuit (20) and / or the battery heat exchange circuit (30). The first flow channel portion (210) and / or the second flow channel portion (220) is integrally connected to the tank body (100).

The vehicle can cool and heat in a vehicle cabin without being influenced by a storage battery cooling circuit, and the manufacturing cost is reduced. A vehicle (V) is provided with: a battery (2); a battery cooling circuit (20) through which a first refrigerant flows and which adjusts the temperature of the battery (2); a refrigeration cycle (30) for air conditioning, which has an electric compressor (32), a condenser (33), an outdoor heat exchanger (38), and an evaporator (36), and through which a second refrigerant flows; and a heating circuit (40) having a heating core (41) and through which a third refrigerant flows. The first refrigerant of the battery cooling circuit (20), the second refrigerant of the refrigeration cycle (30), and the third refrigerant of the heating circuit (40) are each independently circulated, and the condenser (33) is configured so as to be able to exchange heat between the second refrigerant circulated in the refrigeration cycle (30) and the third refrigerant circulated in the heating circuit (40).

The utility model discloses a hydraulic oil temperature adjusting system which comprises a hydraulic oil tank, a temperature sensor, a refrigerating loop, a heating loop, a mixing device and a controller, and the temperature sensor is arranged in the hydraulic oil tank and used for monitoring the temperature of hydraulic oil in the hydraulic oil tank. The refrigerating loop comprises a condenser, a cold water supply pipe, a cold water return pipe, an external cold source and a refrigerating electromagnetic valve which are sequentially communicated end to end, the condenser is arranged in the hydraulic oil tank, the refrigerating electromagnetic valve is arranged on the refrigerating loop, and the heating loop comprises a heater, a hot water supply pipe, a hot water return pipe, an external heat source and a heating electromagnetic valve which are sequentially communicated end to end. The heater is located in the hydraulic oil tank, the blending device is arranged in the hydraulic oil tank, the controller is electrically connected with the temperature sensor, the blending device, the refrigerating electromagnetic valve and the heating electromagnetic valve, and the controller controls the refrigerating loop or the heating loop to conduct cooling or heating adjustment on hydraulic oil in the hydraulic oil tank so as to adapt to more different working conditions.