The invention discloses a distributed
optical fiber sensing system based on
delay reservoir calculation and a
signal identification and positioning method thereof. The
system is composed of an input layer, a
storage pool and an output layer. The input layer is provided with two nodes, one node is used for inputting a non-necessary reservoir
excitation signal, and the other node is used for inputting an external vibration
signal; the
storage pool is composed of a
delay nonlinear system, and a
delay optical fiber of the delay
nonlinear system is a sensing
optical fiber; the output layer is provided with two nodes, one node outputs a vibration type, and the other node outputs a vibration position. The
signal identification and positioning method comprises the following steps of: before a
system is started, carrying out network training, and determining an output connection right according to a virtual node state of target output and training signals; and after the
system is started, the output connection weight and the virtual node state of the to-be-detected vibration signal are utilized to obtain the output calculated by the reserve
pool, namely the type and the position of the vibration signal. According to the invention, the light reserve
pool is utilized to calculate strong learning ability, modeling ability and
rapid processing ability, and accurate and real-time identification and positioning of external vibration are realized.