The invention provides a ship lock safety blocking device and method for dissipating energy through a hydraulic oil cylinder. The device comprises lifting mechanisms symmetrically arranged on a lock top, an
energy absorption oil cylinder mechanism, a steel
wire rope steering mechanism and a steel
wire rope guide mechanism arranged in a lock wall gate groove. The lifting mechanism is used for winding, unwinding and braking the steel
wire rope; and the steel wire
rope passes through the guide mechanism to form a barrier line after being redirected by the steering mechanism. When a ship collides with the steel wire
rope, collision force drives the
piston rod of the
energy absorption oil cylinder to stretch out,
kinetic energy of the ship is converted into
heat energy by compressing hydraulic oil, and stable buffering and efficient energy dissipation are achieved. The device is simple in structure, convenient to maintain and capable of adapting to
water level changes and effectively absorbing high-
impact kinetic energy, the reliability and performance of ship lock
safety barrier are remarkably improved, and the technical problems that in an existing technical scheme, a barrier device is complex in structure, troublesome to overhaul and maintain, insufficient in barrier performance and the like can be solved.