480results about How to "Large damping force" patented technology

A shock absorber interposed in parallel with a suspension spring between a vehicle wheel and a vehicle body of a vehicle comprises a main piston (2) partitioning a cylinder (1) into a first operating chamber (R1) and a second operating chamber (R2), and connected to a piston rod (8). The first operating chamber (R1) and the second operating chamber (R2) are connected by a laminated leaf valve (V1, V2) under a first flow resistance. A passage (4a) connects one of the pressure chambers (R3A, R3B) partitioned by a free piston (5) and the first operating chamber (R1) under a second flow resistance. A passage (4b) connects the other of the pressure chambers (R3A, R3B) and the second operating chamber (R2) under a third flow resistance. The shock absorber displays stable damping force characteristics as a result of a spring (S) supporting the free piston (5) in a predetermined neutral position.

The invention involving a magnetorheological fluid damping device for automobile suspension system.The magnetic field generator of this damping device consists of permanent magnet and electromagnetic coil.On the top of the damping device,there are guide apparatus and damping regulator,the function of which is that to ensure the damping channel is uniform annular duct and to meet the high-damp requirement in the restoration process and low-damp requirement in the compression process of damper seperately.The current in the electromagnetic coil designs of bi-directional and this controls the magnetic field intersity of the damping channel,decreases the excitation current of the electromagnetic coil,reduces energy consumption and decreases damper fever.On the non-controlling conditions,this damping device has the equivalent characteristics of the traditional shock absorber and can instead the passive shock absorber,after equiping corresponding current controller,this device can regulate the damping characteristics of suspension system,which improves the automobile driving safety and ride comfort.

A shock absorbing device includes a cylinder. A partition wall member is inserted into the cylinder to be free to slide and partitions an interior of the cylinder into two operating chambers. A passage connects the two operating chambers. A free piston is inserted into a pressure chamber to be free to slide and partitions the pressure chamber into one chamber that communicates with one operating chamber via a one side flow passage and another chamber that communicates with the other operating chamber via another side flow passage. A spring element generates a biasing force for suppressing displacement of the free piston relative to the pressure chamber. One or both of a bypass flow passage that connects the other chamber and the one operating chamber and a bypass flow passage that connects the one chamber and the other operating chamber is provided. A relief valve is provided in the bypass flow passage.

The invention discloses a piezoelectric and electromagnetic induction dual energy feedback type magneto-rheological vibration damper which comprises a vibration damper body and a vibration damper controller. The vibration damper body comprises a cylinder barrel, a pressure supporting floating piston, a middle isolation floating piston, a piston rod, piezoelectric generation modules, a spring pressing plate, a force transfer spring, a spring clamping seat, a lower permanent magnet, a magnetic coil, an upper permanent magnet, a magnetism isolating plate, a piston, an excitation coil winding, an electromagnetic induction coil fixing rod and an electromagnetic induction coil. A control box is arranged on the outer wall of the cylinder barrel, the vibration damper controller is arranged inside the control box, and a rectifier, a storage battery charging circuit, a first controllable constant current source circuit and a second controllable constant current source circuit are further arranged inside the control box. The invention further discloses a control method of the piezoelectric and electromagnetic induction dual energy feedback type magneto-rheological vibration damper. The piezoelectric and electromagnetic induction dual energy feedback type magneto-rheological vibration damper has the piezoelectric and electromagnetic induction dual energy feedback function, can achieve not only a damping change function but also a rigidity change purpose, and has good vibration damping performance.

The invention discloses a multi-degree of freedom electromagnetic damper which belongs to the technical field of motors, solving the problems of the traditional electromagnetic damper of large damping force fluctuation and asymmetric distribution of generated damping force. The multi-degree of freedom electromagnetic damper mainly comprises a primary coil and secondary coils, wherein the primary coil mainly comprises a low-resistivity non-magnetic metal plate, the two-side secondary coils are distributed on the upper side and the lower side of the primary coil symmetrically, two air gaps are arranged between the primary coil and the two-side secondary coils, each-side secondary coil mainly comprises a yoke plate, (n+1) groups of X-direction excitation units and n groups of Y-direction excitation units, n is a positive integer, each X-direction excitation unit or Y-direction excitation unit comprises a plurality of strip-shaped permanent magnets which are sequentially and uniformly arranged on the flat yoke plates along the same direction, the magnetizing direction is vertical to a plane where the air gaps exist, magnetizing directions of every two adjacent permanent magnets are opposite, and magnetizing directions of permanent magnets on the two-side secondary coils corresponding to two sides of the primary coil are the same. The multi-degree of freedom electromagnetic damper is suitable for an electromagnetic damper.

The invention discloses a three-cylinder type large-capacity magneto-rheological damper for vibration control of a large civil engineering structure, which comprises a magneto-rheological damping cylinder (9), a puddle damping cylinder (5), an auxiliary cylinder (19), a magneto-rheological main piston (23), a puddle piston (6), a piston rod (17), a sealing baffle (20), a damping channel (16), a cylinder cover (3) and a spherical hinge joint (13), wherein magneto-rheological liquid (11) is filled in the magneto-rheological damping cylinder, and an annular excitation coil (8) capable of generating a magnetic field is arranged in the magneto-rheological damping cylinder; and the puddle damping cylinder is arranged adjacent to the magneto-rheological damping cylinder, and elastic puddle (7) is filled in the inner cavity of the puddle damping cylinder, thus the damper can generate large damping under the condition of large displacement, and the safety of the damper can be improved. By arranging a displacement splitting mechanism (18), the magneto-rheological damper has high rigidity and large damping in a low-frequency region and has low rigidity and small damping in a high-frequency region. Compared with the traditional magneto-rheological damper with the same size, the maximum capacity of the damper of the invention is improved by more than one time, and the vibration control of the large civil engineering structure is more effective.

The invention relates to a damper of a washing machine which produces a large damping force for low-frequency vibration while small damping force for high-frequency vibration. A piston (3) coupled with a piston rod (4) is embedded inside a cylinder which is filled with mixed oil liquid and gas, and the piston (3) is infused in the oil liquid. No free piston and other isolators are arranged at the borderline of the oil liquid and gas inside the cylinder (2). The piston (3) is provided with a throttle path (7) communicated with two chambers (2A and 2B). The cylinder (2) is connected with one side of a water tank holding the cylinder, while the piston rod (4) is connected with one side of the shell. For low-frequency vibration during the washing and rinsing process, a large damping force is generated through the resistance of the oil liquid flowing through the throttle path (7) so as to restrain the shaking of the cylinder; while for the high-frequency vibration during the dehydrating process, inflated air is generated actively to reduce the damping force and to absorb the vibration of the cylinder so as to reduce the vibration and noise.

The invention discloses a self-adapting variable-damping hydraulic pressure rubber vibration isolation device for an automobile suspension. The vibration isolation device comprises an inner pipe, an outer pipe, a rubber body arranged between the inner pipe and the outer pipe, a separation device arranged between the inner pipe and the rubber body, wherein damping adjustment components which are used for adjusting damping force according to pressure are respectively arranged at a communicating end of a fluid flow passage of an isolator I and a hydraulic pressure working chamber, and at a communicating end of a fluid flow passage of an isolator II and a hydraulic pressure working chamber II; the damping adjustment components are arranged, under the working conditions of high frequency and small amplitude, a spring is not compressed or rarely compressed, and damping fluid flows into the fluid flow passages from the outer side of a plunger, so that the requirements for vibration reduction and noise reduction with low rigidity and small damping are satisfied; under the working conditions of low frequency and large amplitude, the inner diameter of a fluid through hole is far smaller than the hole diameter of the fluid flow passages, so that the pressure is increased, and the fluid hole diameter is decreased; therefore, at this moment, the damping force is greatly improved. Compared with an existing rubber lining, the vibration isolation device disclosed by the invention can completely satisfy the requirements of vibration reduction and noise reduction with high rigidity and high damping under the working conditions of low frequency and large amplitude.

The invention relates to a cylinder-type variable friction damper, and can be used for building structure damping control and locomotive damping. The invention comprises an outer sleeve, a first friction sleeve, a second friction sleeve, a sliding axle, a disk spring, a locknut, an extrusion cone ring and a friction slip. An inner sleeve comprises the second friction sleeve and the first friction sleeves arranged on both ends of the second friction sleeve. The inside diameters of the first friction sleeve and the second friction sleeve are arranged on the same cylindrical surface. A left end plate and a right end plate having a hinge are permanently connected on the left end and the right end of the inner sleeve and the outer sleeve. During the deformation course of the cylinder-type variable friction damper, the area of the contact face which actually provides the frictional resistance varies with the deformation of the damper; the positive pressure on the complete contact face is kept unchanged. In this way, the friction is variable. The damper has the characteristic of linear damping. The capability of dissipation of energy increases with the increase of the deformation amplitude. When the invention is used for damping control of building structures, the invention can meet the requirement for damping under strong vibration and weak vibration, and has high practical application value.

The invention discloses a self-powered vehicle vibration damping device which comprises a vibration damping device body and a vibration damping device controller, wherein the vibration damping device body comprises a first cylinder body, a piston rod, a piezoelectric generating unit, a transmission force spring unit, a magneto-rheological damping unit and an electromagnetic induction unit; the piezoelectric generating unit comprises a plurality of piezoelectric modules, and a plurality of piezoelectric vibrators are inlaid in each piezoelectric module; the transmission force spring unit comprises an upper spring pressing plate, a lower spring pressing plate, a lower spring clamping seat, an upper spring clamping seat and a transmission force spring; the magneto-rheological damping unit comprises an outer cylinder, an inner cylinder, a permanent magnet protecting cover, an upper damp channel, a lower damp channel, a magnet exciting coil and a piston; and the electromagnetic induction unit comprises a leakage-proof magnetic sleeve, a second cylinder body, a permanent magnet and an electromagnetic induction coil. The invention further discloses a control method for the self-powered vehicle vibration damping device. The self-powered vehicle vibration damping device provided by the invention is high in energy-regenerative efficiency, good in work stability, high in reliability, can adjust the damping force in real time, and ensures that a vehicle is in an optimal vibration damping state.

The invention relates to a multilayer damper with a displacement amplifying device. The multilayer damper comprises a lever, outer steel plates, at least one inner steel plate, at least two movable steel plates, connecting steel plates, fulcrum shafts and a damping material, the outer steel plates are fixedly connected with a lower-layer floor beam, the inner steel plates are disposed in inner cavities of the outer steel plates and connected with the outer steel plates to form a whole, number of the movable steel plates is constantly larger than that of the inner steel plates, the movable steel plates are connected into a whole and connected among the inner steel plates in an inserted manner, the damping material is positioned among the outer steel plates, the movable steel plates and the inner steel plates, the upper portions of the movable steel plates are hinged to one end, larger in length, of the lever, the fulcrum shafts of the lever penetrate fulcrum hole grooves of the outer steel plates and are tangential with the inner faces of the fulcrum hole grooves, and one end, smaller in length, of the lever is hinged to the connecting steel plates which are fixedly connected with an upper-layer floor beam. The lever displacement amplifying device and number of layers of the damping material are increased to amplify relative displacement and damping coefficient of the damper so as to enable the damper to generate larger damping force.

An electrorheological buffer has a damping continuously adjustable function, is used for various communication and transportation facilities and engineering machines and achieves semi-active control over impact loads borne by the electrorheological buffer. The buffer mainly comprises a buffer piston, a piston rod, an inner cylinder barrel, a middle cylinder barrel, an outer cylinder barrel, a one-way valve, a front insulating bush, a rear insulating bush, a seal ring and the like, wherein the one-way valve, the front insulating bush, the rear insulating bush and the seal ring are used in the buffer recovery process. The inner cylinder barrel and the middle cylinder barrel of the buffer are used as electrodes, and an annular space formed by the inner cylinder barrel and the middle cylinder barrel of the buffer serves as a high-voltage direct-current electric field. By means of continuous control of an external electric field, damping force of the buffer can be continuously controlled and adjusted; an annular space formed by the middle cylinder barrel and the outer cylinder barrel is a liquid storage chamber and is used for storing and supplementing liquid needed by a working chamber when the piston rod enters and leaves the buffer; the three cylinder barrels of the buffer are separated and positioned at certain gaps through the front insulating bush and the rear insulating bush; the one-way valve is arranged on the buffer piston and fixed through the piston rod, and the one-way valve is closed in the buffer recovery process and opened in the compression process.

The invention provides a tension type magneto-rheological buffer, which comprises a working cylinder I, a piston I and a piston rod, wherein the piston I is arranged in the working cylinder I to separate the working cylinder I into a chamber I and a chamber II, the chamber I and the chamber II are respectively filled with a magneto-rheological material, one end of the piston rod is fixedly arranged on the piston I, the other end of the piston rod penetrates through the chamber II and extends out of the working cylinder I, and the piston I is provided with excitation coils and multiple stages of radial damping passages. When the working cylinder I is subjected to shock, the magneto-rheological material in the chamber II flows into the chamber I through the multiple stages of radial damping passages. Because the piston is provided with the multiple stages of radial damping passages, the effective lengths of the damping passages can be effectively increased when the tension type magneto-rheological buffer is subjected to shock, a larger damping force is outputted, and the buffer requirements during high-speed shock are met.

The present invention relates to a controllable car magnetorheological shock absorber with vehicle weight regulation function. It comprises direction control valve formed from four magnetorheological valves, two magnetorheological switching valves, magnetorheological hydraulic cylinder with damping characteristics, hydraulic pump, motor and control loop, etc. Said invention uses magnetorheological liquor as hydraulic medium for transferring energy, and uses the hydraulic pump as drive device. Besides, said invention also provides the working principle of said magnetorheological shock absorber, and said magnetorheological shock absorber not only can accurately control vehicle height, but also can produce controllable damping force.

A magnetorheological (MR) fluid device including a pressurized MR liquid with an improved performance is provided. Also provided is a method for minimizing cavitation of a common magnetorheological device, comprising providing an MR fluid within the device with a pressure of at least 100psi. The device as provided minimizes cavitation in the device, and can be broadly used in the railway vehicle suspension system with excellent performance.

The invention discloses an efficient space-use type damper of an end portion straight brace secondary displacement amplification device. The efficient space-use type damper of the end portion straightbrace secondary displacement amplification device comprises a vertical type moving displacement support, a T-shaped overhanging positioning bracket, a T-shaped connecting plate, a displacement amplification rod, an input rod with a rack, a duplicate gear, an output rod with a rack, a damper connecting piece, an input end guide gear, a damper device, a damper fixing support and the like. The efficient space-use type damper of the end portion straight brace secondary displacement amplification device performs first amplification on the relative displacement between layers of a building throughthe displacement amplification rod when the deformation of the building structure is small or slow, then the displacement of the first amplification is subjected to second amplification through the duplicate gear, two-time amplification is performed, so that the damper generates greater relative displacement, the damper generates greater damping force, and the better shock absorption effect is achieved. At the same time, the efficient space-use type damper has the characteristics of simple structure, considerable cost, convenient installation, convenient operation, flexible layout, firm and durable and the like, and has broad prospects of development and application.

The invention discloses a semi-active vibration control eddy current damper which is used for inhibiting structure vibration. The semi-active vibration control eddy current damper comprises an eddy current energy consumption module, an automatic control module, a magnetic shielding case, a buffer spring and connecting parts. The eddy current energy consumption module comprises an array electro-permanent magnet and a copper plate. The automatic control module comprises an external power supply, a vibration switch and a resistive transducer. The magnetic shielding case is a rectangular closed housing made of soft iron with relatively large magnetic conductivity. When a structure vibrates, the vibration switch is switched on, an automatic control circuit is closed, and meanwhile the copper plate begins to perform magnetic induction line cutting motion to generate eddy current energy consumption; the magnitude of current in the circuit is changed along with the intensity of vibration, so that the magnetic field intensity is changed further, the effect of actively adjusting a damping factor is realized, the damper can keep a relatively high efficiency under different intensity of vibration, and the semi-active vibration control is realized. The semi-active vibration control eddy current damper has the characteristics of being simple in device, variable in damping, and very small in mechanical friction, thereby having a wide application prospect in the field of structure vibration control.

The invention discloses a single-piston-rod damper and belongs to the technical field of structural vibration control devices. The single-piston-rod damper comprises a cylinder which is divided into a working chamber and a compensation chamber, the working chamber and the compensation chamber are separated from each other through a floating piston which is sealed together with the cylinder, and the working chamber is filled with shear thickening fluid (STF); one end, with the tip being connected with a working piston, of the piston rod is arranged in the working chamber in the cylinder, and the other end of the piston rod is arranged outside the cylinder and connected with an upper connecting part; and an elastic part is arranged in the compensation chamber, one end of the elastic part is connected with the floating piston, and the other end of the elastic part is connected to a rubber piston arranged at the end of the cylinder. When the shearing rate is high and the instantaneous vibration velocity in the working chamber is high, shear thickening of the STF occurs to generate damping force, so that the anti-impact vibration-reduction effect of engineering structures is achieved; and when the shearing rate is low and the instantaneous vibration velocity in the working chamber is low, the elastic part in the compensation chamber elastically compensates for the initial rigidity of the damper, so that vibration reduction and energy dissipation of the engineering structures are achieved. The single-piston-rod damper is provided with the elastic compensation chamber to provide appropriate compensation rigidity, and the anti-impact vibration-reduction effect of the damper is achieved.

A foil bearing is provided, which is simple in structure, has a large load capacity and a large damping capability and can therefore allow a rotary shaft having a large unbalance as compared with the conventional bearing to be driven stably at a high speed. A spindle device utilizing such foil bearing is also provided, which is designed to increase the permissible amount of unbalance and also to have a light-weight feature. Each of the foil bearings 504 and 505 includes an elastic member 2 prepared from a wire net formed by braiding wires, and a thin bearing foil 3 supported by the elastic member 2 and defining an elastic bearing surface S. The respective foil bearing 504 and 505 is used at least as a radial bearing 504 in the spindle device including a rotary shaft 4 having a head mount 501a, on which an atomizer head is mounted, and the radial and thrust bearings 504 and 505 for rotatably supporting the rotary shaft 4.

The invention discloses a chassis articulating system which is applicable to a rear engine large articulated bus. The chassis articulating system comprises three parts of a split truss structure, a hydraulic control system and an electric control unit, wherein the split truss structure mainly realizes the articulation of a front compartment and a back compartment of the large articulated bus; the hydraulic control system is mainly used for providing the damping force which is correspondingly increased along with the increase of a rotation angle of the front and the back compartments for the large articulated bus, thereby stopping the sideslip of a second bridge of tires during the turning of the large articulated bus and preventing the shear of the front and the back compartments; the electric control unit is mainly used for monitoring the status of the large articulated bus, controlling the on / off status of an electromagnetic valve and a throttle valve in the hydraulic control system and emitting an alarm signal. The invention has the advantages that each part of the split structure is mutually independent and interrelated, the requirements on the manufacturing process are lower, the manufacturing cost is low; the maintenance is convenient, the cost is low; the operation stability is good; the shock absorbing effect is good; the system strength is high and the load capacity is great.

The invention provides a controllable torque device based on magnetorheological materials. The controllable torque device comprises a propelling device, a controllable buffer device and a magnetorheological material return pipe. The propelling device is provided with a spiral passage inside. A multi-stage annular damping passage is formed in the controllable buffer device. When the propelling device operates, the magnetorheological materials in the spiral passage is pushed into the multi-stage annular damping passage, then the magnetorheological materials flow back to the spiral passage through the magnetorheological material return pipe, and a magnetorheological loop is formed. By the controllable torque device, effective length of the damping passage is increased, high damping force can be output, and buffer requirements under high-speed and large impacts can be satisfied.

The invention relates to a composite damping device for vibration and noise reduction of gear shafting, which belongs to the technical field of damping devices. The composite damping device acts on each gear shaft through an auxiliary bearing, a clamp and a vibration transmission frame with a flexible structure, vibration, which is generated by some factors in a process of transmission, of a gear pair is transferred to the auxiliary bearing, and the clamp and the vibration transmission frame so as to drive a piston soaked in high-viscosity damping liquid to do shearing motion in the damping liquid, generate a damping force large enough and absorb and dissipate vibration energy, thereby suppressing bending vibration of the shaft. On one hand, internal excitation of the whole gear is reduced, on the other hand, vibration which is transferred to a gearbox body is attenuated. By virtue of the composite damping device disclosed by the invention, the vibration of frequency components due to meshing impact in the gear shafting can be simultaneously reduced, and a vibration frequency band is wide. The composite damping device has the advantages of simple structure, easiness in removal and installation, flexibility of installation position, no worn parts, long service life and the like.

The invention belongs to the field of structural vibration reduction, and in particular, relates to an electromagnetic eddy rotating damper. The electromagnetic eddy rotating damper comprises an outer cylinder, an inner cylinder and a lead screw, wherein the inner cylinder is positioned in the outer cylinder; the outer peripheral surface of the lead screw is matched and connected with a screw nut; the outer peripheral surface of the lead screw is fixedly connected with the inner wall of the inner cylinder; a coil is arranged on the outer peripheral surface of the inner cylinder; an annular permanent magnet is fixed on the inner wall of the outer cylinder, and is corresponding to the coil; a thrust bearing is arranged between the outer cylinder and the screw nut; and a roller bearing is arranged between the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder. The electromagnetic eddy rotating damper can effectively consume the energy of earthquake and wind vibration; in particular, under major earthquake, the damper is more obvious in energy consumption; and the damper is small in size and various in mounting forms.

Provided is a drawing device that is capable of generating a damping force in accordance with the strength of a biasing force of an elastic member without increasing durability. The drawing device has a linear damper 24 of which a rod is extendable relative to a damper main body and a rotary damper 25 of which a rotation axis is rotatable relative to the damper main body. When a slider 14 of a drawing device main body 4 moves relative to a base 12 of the drawing device main body 4 in the longitudinal direction by the biasing force of the elastic member 15, first, the linear damper 24 starts to operate thereby generating the damping force, then, the linear damper 24 is switched with the rotary damper 25 and the rotary damper 25 starts to operate thereby generating the damping force.

An anti-knock device of large distortion and heavy load visco-elasticity damper is composed by a large distortion visco-elasticity damper and lead compacting damper. The large distortion visco-elasticity damper is put in the middle and surrounded by several lead compacting dampers with the top and bottom linked to the armor plate to from an integrated damper.

In a foil bearing (1), a foil assembly (4) disposed between a stationary mount member (3) and a journal (2) of a rotating member comprises: a top foil (5) having one end secured to an upper portion of the stationary mount member and extending circumferentially to surround a substantially entire outer circumferential surface of the journal; and a plurality of spring foils (6) arranged in an annular gap between the top foil and the stationary mount member, wherein each of the spring foils consists of a resilient piece which is bent to have a joint portion (8) attached to the stationary mount member and a slide contact portion (9) for contacting the top foil, and wherein the spring foils are arranged in a circumferential direction such that the slide contact portions of adjoining ones of the spring foils partially overlap each other.

A fluid damper which is capable of operating while automatically changing the damping force according to the movement of a piston without installing a sensor detecting the displacement of the piston and a controller controlling the supply of electric power. The fluid damper, in which the damping force is automatically changed according to the movement of the piston, comprises a fluid (8) having magnetism, a piston (2) of magnetic material, a cylinder (3) sealing the fluid (8) with magnetism and storing the piston (2), a piston rod (4) passed through the cylinder (3) and supporting the piston (2), magnetic field generating device (6) installed on the outside of the cylinder (3), first yoke member (5) disposed around the cylinder (3), and second yoke member (7) disposed around the piston rod (4) and on the outside of the cylinder (3). Thereby, a magnetic circuit can be partially formed.

A shock absorber interposed in parallel with a suspension spring between a vehicle wheel and a vehicle body of a vehicle comprises a main piston (2) partitioning a cylinder (1) into a first operating chamber (R1) and a second operating chamber (R2), and connected to a piston rod (8). The first operating chamber (R1) and the second operating chamber (R2) are connected by a laminated leaf valve (V1, V2) under a first flow resistance. A passage (4a) connects one of the pressure chambers (R3A, R3B) partitioned by a free piston (5) and the first operating chamber (R1) under a second flow resistance. A passage (4b) connects the other of the pressure chambers (R3A, R3B) and the second operating chamber (R2) under a third flow resistance. The shock absorber displays stable damping force characteristics as a result of a spring (S) supporting the free piston (5) in a predetermined neutral position.

The invention discloses a vehicle door limiter. The vehicle door limiter comprises an elastic body, wherein a through hole is formed in the elastic body; a damping adjuster shell is arranged at one side of the through hole; a magnet is arranged in one side, far from the elastic body, of the damping adjuster shell, and is connected with a damping adjusting rod coaxially arranged with the through hole; an excitation coil is arranged in one side, near the elastic body, of the damping adjuster shell; and the damping adjusting rod is arranged to be inserted in the excitation coil. The invention further provides a vehicle door collision prevention device and a vehicle. Through the technical scheme, the damping force of the vehicle door limiter to a vehicle door can be adjusted, and when the vehicle door is close to an obstacle within a certain distance, the damping force of the vehicle door can be increased to stop the vehicle door from further approaching the obstacle or even crashing against the obstacle so as to achieve the vehicle door protective effect.

A damper includes a hollow outer elongated body formed of a cylindrical member; a hollow inner elongated body similarly formed of a cylindrical member; a viscous body disposed in a cylindrical gap between an inner surface of the elongated body and an outer surface of the elongated body in such a manner as to be in contact with the inner surface and the outer surface of these elongated bodies, respectively; rectangular attaching plate members which are respectively secured to a closed-side other end portion, in an axial direction, of the elongated body having one end portion on an open end side and to a closed-side one end portion of the elongated body, respectively; and a holding structure for holding the gap between the inner surface of the elongated body at the one end portion of the elongated body and the outer surface of the elongated body.