The invention belongs to the technical field of aviation engineering, and in particular relates to an airport power-assisted take-off and landing device dragged by a superconducting outer rotor motor,which comprises a transverse pull rope, a fixed pulley assembly symmetrically arranged at two sides of an airport runway and a winding drum assembly symmetrically arranged at the two sides of the airport runway, wherein the transverse pull rope sequentially bypasses the winding drum assembly, the fixed pulley assembly at the same side, the fixed pulley assembly at an opposite side and the windingdrum assembly at the opposite side; the transverse pull rope spans the airport runway; the winding drum assembly is driven by the superconducting outer rotor motor; during take-off, a towed vehicle pulls the transverse pull rope and hangs into an aircraft lanyard mechanism, and an aircraft engine and the superconducting outer rotor motor cooperate to start power-assisted take-off, thereby increasing stability of the aircraft, shortening an aircraft taxiing distance, reducing an airport runway length, reducing fuel consumption, and reducing environmental pollution near the airport; when landing, the transverse pull rope is hung through a tail hang mechanism of the aircraft, the superconducting outer rotor motor is dragged to generate electricity, the aircraft slows down and land, and kinetic energy of the aircraft is recovered into electric energy, which is more environmentally friendly.