The invention discloses a crane heightening device and a crane heightening method. A crane comprises a large front beam, a large rear beam, an upper cross beam at the sea side, an upper cross beam at the land side, a vertical column at the sea side, a vertical column at the land side and the like; the heightening device comprises a heightening section of the vertical column at the sea side, a heightening section at the vertical column at the land side, a horizontal support rod, a door frame diagonal bracing, a door frame diagonal bracing at the sea side and a door frame diagonal bracing at the land side. The method comprises the following steps of: step 1, manufacturing the crane heightening device; step 2, dismounting the large front beam and the large rear beam of the crane; step 3, installing the heightening device on the ground below the upper cross beam at the sea side and the upper cross beam at the land side; step 4, resetting the large front beam and the large rear beam of the crane and a heightening device assembly; and step 5, connecting and installing the crane heightening device and the top ends of the vertical columns at the sea side and the land side of the crane. By adopting the technical scheme provided by the invention, the existing crane equipment can be utilized to the maximum, and the structure of the heightening device is simplified, so that the heightening method is convenient and rapid, and the cost is saved.