The invention discloses a marine diesel engine heavy part manufacturability three-level optimization method based on feature-resource knowledge. The method comprises the following steps that 1, machining features of marine diesel engine heavy parts are classified; 2, completing feature recognition based on a surface and rule processing feature recognition algorithm; 3, obtaining size and precisioninformation from the part three-dimensional model, and establishing a machining meta-information model; 4, creating a structural manufacturability rule knowledge base; 5, establishing a processing and manufacturing capability model and a knowledge base; 6, proposing a distributed manufacturing environment optimization method based on a genetic algorithm; and 7, establishing a verification platform, and outputting a three-level manufacturability optimization scheme and an evaluation report. The manufacturability three-level optimization method provided by the invention is progressive layer bylayer, fully considers difficulties in actual processing of marine diesel engine heavy parts, has good practicability and expansibility, and can effectively discover defects existing in design, so that the product development period is shortened, and the cost is saved.