The present invention provides, among other things, a masked
cytokine comprising an attenuated
interleukin 2 (IL-2) polypeptide, a VHH masking
moiety, a carrier
moiety, and an anti-PD1 targeting
moiety. In some embodiments, the IL-2 polypeptide is engineered with a proteolytically
cleavable linker comprising to be activated at a
target site, such as in a
tumor microenvironment, by
protease activity. The VHH masking moiety blocks, occludes, inhibits (e.g., reduces), or otherwise prevents (e.g., masks) the activity or binding of the
cytokine to its cognate
receptor or
protein. When the
cleavable linker is proteolytically cleaved at the
target site, the IL-2 polypeptide is activated, which enables it to bind to its cognate
receptor or
protein with increased affinity.