The inventions relates to
Immunoglobulin A (IgA) or a pharmaceutical composition comprising IgA for use in the treatment of an infectious
disease of or in an immune privileged organ, such as the eye,
fetus,
placenta,
central nervous system (CNS) and / or testicles caused by a bacterial, fungal, viral or
parasitic infection, in particular caused by
bacteria of the human
microbiome. IgA-coated pathogens can be addressed by FCAR+ and / or CD11c+ innate immune cells, for example by
phagocytosis, or by activation of the
complement system. The use of IgA or a pharmaceutical composition comprising IgA in immune privileged sites is advantageous because in contrast to IgG, IgA-coated pathogens do not trigger activation of C1q, a
protein used for the controlled
pruning of synapses. This prevents
neuronal damage in said immune privileged organ(s), while at the same time allowing an
antibody-mediated immune response in said organs.