30 results about "Matter wave" patented technology

The present invention discloses a method to improve the image resolution of a microscope. This improvement is based on the mathematical processing of the complex field computed from the measurements with a microscope of the wave emitted or scattered by the specimen. This wave is, in a preferred embodiment, electromagnetic or optical for an optical microscope, but can be also of different kind like acoustical or matter waves. The disclosed invention makes use of the quantitative phase microscopy techniques known in the sate of the art or to be invented. In a preferred embodiment, the complex field provided by Digital Holographic Microscopy (DHM), but any kind of microscopy derived from quantitative phase microscopy: modified DIC, Shack-Hartmann wavefront analyzer or any analyzer derived from a similar principle, such as multi-level lateral shearing interferometers or common-path interferometers, or devices that convert stacks of intensity images (transport if intensity techniques: TIT) into quantitative phase image can be used, provided that they deliver a comprehensive measure of the complex scattered wavefield. The hereby-disclosed method delivers superresolution microscopic images of the specimen, i.e. images with a resolution beyond the Rayleigh limit of the microscope. It is shown that the limit of resolution with coherent illumination can be improved by a factor of 6 at least. It is taught that the gain in resolution arises from the mathematical digital processing of the phase as well as of the amplitude of the complex field scattered by the observed specimen. In a first embodiment, the invention teaches how the experimental observation of systematically occurring phase singularities in phase imaging of sub-Rayleigh distanced objects can be exploited to relate the locus of the phase singularities to the sub-Rayleigh distance of point sources, not resolved in usual diffraction limited microscopy. In a second, preferred embodiment, the disclosed method teaches how the image resolution is improved by complex deconvolution. Accessing the object's scattered complex field—containing the information coded in the phase—and deconvolving it with the reconstructed complex transfer function (CTF) is at the basis of the disclosed method. In a third, preferred embodiment, it is taught how the concept of “Synthetic Coherent Transfer Function” (SCTF), based on Debye scalar or Vector model includes experimental parameters of MO and how the experimental Amplitude Point Spread Functions (APSF) are used for the SCTF determination. It is also taught how to derive APSF from the measurement of the complex field scattered by a nanohole in a metallic film. In a fourth embodiment, the invention teaches how the limit of resolution can be extended to a limit of λ/6 or smaller based angular scanning. In a fifth embodiment, the invention teaches how the presented method can generalized to a tomographic approach that ultimately results in super-resolved 3D refractive index reconstruction.

The general field of the invention is that of gravimeters, of the matter-wave type, allowing the measurement of the gravitational field or of an acceleration in a given direction of measurement. This type of gravimeter uses ultracold atoms to take the measurement. It necessarily comprises an atom trap (5) making it possible to immobilize an ultracold atom cloud (10) in a determined configuration and means (7) for splitting-recombining the cloud into two atom packets placed at different heights so as to create a phase shift due to gravity. The device according to the invention combines both these functions on an atom chip (3) mainly comprising means for generating a local magnetic field minimum around a first conductor wire (30), a second conductor wire (31) and a third conductor wire (32) that are substantially parallel in the zone of the trap to the first conductor wire and are placed symmetrically on either side of this first wire, the second wire being traversed by a first alternating current, the third wire being traversed by a second alternating current of the same amplitude and of the same frequency as the first alternating current and in the opposite direction, the amplitudes of the first and of the second currents being able to vary simultaneously, the maximum amplitude and the frequency of said currents being sufficient to create at the atom cloud a magnetic field with an intensity greater than the magnetic intensity necessary to split the atom cloud into two atom packets.

The invention relates to a method for improving superfluid gyroscope angular rate measurement accuracy. The method includes: establishing a sensitive principle equation of a superfluid gyroscope according to the matter wave interference effect; utilizing the principle of locking superfluid amplitude by thermal phase injection, and combining an annular double weak connection structure to establish a thermal phase-temperature relational expression; in a thermally driven double structure superfluid gyroscope system, designing a fuzzy self-adaptive PID controller to overcome the influence of system lagging caused by thermal phase injection; and optimizing fuzzy reasoning PID parameters by genetic algorithm so as to improve the accuracy of the whole superfluid gyroscope measurement system. The method provided by the invention belongs to the technical field of new concept ultrahigh accuracy gyroscopes, and can be applied to high accuracy detection of superfluid gyroscopes.

The invention relates to a matter wave correlated image generation method and a device thereof. The method comprises the steps of generating a partially coherent matter wave, projecting the partially coherent matter wave onto an atomic grating and forming matter wave density images of cycle distribution on detection surfaces with integer multiples of Taber distances, selecting a signal matter wave which projects an object to be measured and a reference matter wave in the density images, projecting an object by using the signal matter wave, and carrying out barrel measurement on the signal matter wave which projects the object and carrying out space association with the reference matter wave to obtain the image of the object. According to the method and the device, a cold atomic matter wave instead of a light wave is employed as a wave source of the correlated imaging, the wavelength is shorted, and the imaging resolution is higher. According to the method and the device, the signal matter wave and the reference matter wave are generated through the atomic grating, the destroy of matter wave quantum correlation by a matter wave beam splitter and an asymmetric transmission process are avoided, the device is simple, the imaging speed is fast, and the number of imaging is large.

The invention discloses an atomic interference gravity measuring device based on a double-matter wave source, and belongs to the technical field of atomic interference and gravity exploration. The device comprises a vacuum chamber which is used for providing a sealed container for atomic steam and providing a vacuum environment with the vacuum degree being 10<-8>-10<-7>Pa for the preparation and manipulation of cold atoms. There are two cold atomic cloud preparation structures which are at the same end of an interference area. The device has a simple structure. The center of gravity of the device is low when the device is in a surface working environment. The device is simply supported, and is of high stability. The two cold atomic clouds share a detection laser and a photoelectric detector in the vacuum chamber of a detection area, so that the system complexity is reduced, and common-mode detection error is restrained. Interference is completed in the same slender vacuum chamber, and a magnetic field shielding material can be wrapped easily. There is no cold atom preparation structure between the two atomic clouds. The device has a small self-gravitation effect. Space is reserved for an additional gravity source to calibrate the measurement result. The device needs only one set of detection system, and has good magnetic field effect restraining performance and low quantum projection noise.

The invention relates to a phase detection method of a cold atom Bose-Einstein condensation vortex superposed-state gyroscope. Superposed-state vortex light is emitted into a Bose-Einstein condensation state gas atom cluster to enable the Bose-Einstein condensation (BEC) atom cluster to obtain a certain orbital angular momentum, and stable vortex superposed-state matter waves are generated; the BEC atom cluster in a potential well is equivalent to a matter wave interference gyroscope. Atom density distribution of the BEC forms a stable gyroscope pattern; when the system rotates at a certain angular speed, a certain phase is generated due a Sagnac effect; each atom has a fixed scattering effect on photons; after detection light is added, a whole resonance absorption image is detected through a charge coupled device (CCD) and scattering light intensity is calculated through space calculation and time calculation; density distribution of the BEC atom cluster is reckoned so as to obtain phase information; relative light intensity change can be obtained through space subtraction, is used as a gyroscope signal and is used for reckoning a system angular speed, so that the sensitivity on the system angular speed is realized.

The invention relates to a wave particle vortex gyro. Vortex light is used for producing a room temperature Bose-Einstein condensation (BEC) vortex superposition state, to-be-measured information carried by the vortex light orbital angular momentum is transmitted to room temperature BEC; a room temperature BEC vortex-state matter wave in a quantum well can generate an interference phenomenon along with rotation of a platform; phase position changes are detected through a detection system, and the to-be-measured information can be obtained. Through the cascade vortex light and the room temperature BEC, high-precision sensitivity of the matter wave is used for achieving surging amplification of vortex light inertial measurement sensitivity, so as to achieve ultra-high precision and ultra-high sensitivity measurement of the attitude angular rate. Compared with an atomic gyro based on ultra-low temperature BEC, because the vortex superposition state of the room temperature BEC is quite stable and the vortex light and the vortex matter wave can form light paths by self, the vortex light and the room temperature BEC cascade surging can achieve high stability and miniaturization of the gyro. The wave particle vortex gyro belongs to the inertial measurement technical field, and can be applied in the fields of ultrahigh-sensitivity and miniaturized navigation positioning and the like in future.

The method shows how to violate predictions of quantum mechanics for matter. For light, the method has been disclosed in patent application Photon Violation Spectroscopy. The methods are different in specifying different methods for light and matter. For matter, the method typically uses the single 5.5 MeV alpha (He++) emitted from the radioisotope Americium-241 in spontaneous decay, a thin gold foil beam splitter, and two surface barrier alpha detectors. The detectors deliver a characteristic electrical pulse with amplitude proportional to matter wave energy. A circuit reads the coincidence rate and singles rates of pulses from the two detectors. Quantum mechanics predicts that the particle would go one way or the other at the beam splitter, and coincident detections of pulses characteristic of such a particle would occur only at an easily calculated chance rate. However, the method at hand shows such characteristic pulses occur in coincidence at a rate greatly exceeding chance. By exceeding chance the method demonstrates surpassing a binding energy threshold and predictions of quantum mechanics. The degree above chance is a new measure in fundamental physics and is usable as a material science probe of the beam splitter. An apparatus specially designed to test for the absence of true coincidences and then perform a beam splitting test to show split-beam coincidences becomes useful in applying the method of Particle Violation Spectroscopy to material science. Fundamental discoveries in physics have been made with this method; therefore it is a method of discovery in physics.

A temporally continuous matter wave beam splitter (14) comprising a plurality of intersecting and interfering laser beam (k_r, k_b), which act as waveguides for a matter wave beam. The laser beams of the waveguides each have a frequency detuned below a frequency of an internal atomic transition of the matter wave. The matter wave has a wavevector which is an integral multiple of the wavevector of the laser beams within a region of intersection of the laser beams. There is also provided an atomic interferometer (200) comprising such a continuous matter wave beam splitter, and a solid state device comprising such a continuous matter wave beam splitter, which may be part of an atomic interferometer. A cold atom gyroscope, a cold atom accelerometer or a cold atom gravimeter comprising such a solid state device are also provided. There is further provided a quantum computer comprising such a solid state device, wherein atoms of the matter wave beam are in an entangled quantum state. There is also provided a method of splitting a matter wave beam, comprising introducing the matter wave beam into a first temporally continuous laser beam, the frequency of which is detuned below a frequency of an internal atomic transition of the matter wave beam; intersecting and interfering the first continuous laser beam with a second temporally continuous laser beam, the frequency of which is also detuned below the frequency of the internal atomic transition of the matter wave beam; providing the matter wave beam with a wavevector which is an integral multiple of the wavevector of the first and second laser beams within a region of intersection of the laser beams, whereby the laser beams act as waveguides for the matter wave beam.

The invention relates to a lengthwise correlation imaging method based on a cold atom matter wave. The lengthwise correlation imaging method based on the cold atom matter wave includes the following steps that the cold atom matter wave is generated; the cold atom matter wave generates a signal matter wave and a reference matter wave through a matter wave beam splitter; lengthwise multiple-point measuring is carried out on the reference matter wave; the signal matter wave is cast to a lengthwise potential field to be measured; barrel measuring is carried on the signal matter wave which is acted by the lengthwise potential field and correlated with a multiple-point measurement result of the reference matter wave to obtain the distribution image of the lengthwise potential field. The cold atom matter wave with the mass is adopted as a wave source of the correlated image instead of an optical wave. The lengthwise correlation imaging method based on the cold atom matter wave has the capacity of distinguishing potential fields such as the gravitational field, the optical field and the electromagnetic field and can detect the basic physical information such as the mass, the optical field and the electromagnetic field in the environment.

A non-reciprocal quantum device that comprises a first terminal and a second terminal, a transmission structure connected between the first and second terminals and configured to transmit microscopic particles in at least a partially phase-coherent manner from the first terminal to the second terminal and possibly from the second terminal to the first terminal, wherein a time-reversal symmetry of the transmission of the particles is broken with respect to at least a portion of the transmission structure; wherein the time-reversal symmetry is broken in such a way that the transmission structure comprises a higher transmission probability for particles moving in a first direction from the first terminal to the second terminal than in a second direction from the second terminal to the first terminal.