588 results about "Mode transformation" patented technology

A low attenuation surface wave transmission line system for launching surface waves on a bare and unconditioned conductor, such as are found in abundance in the power transmission lines of the existing power grids. The conductors within the power grid typically lack dielectric and special conditioning. Accordingly, the present invention includes a first launcher, preferably including a mode converter and an adapter, for receiving an incident wave of electromagnetic energy and propagating a surface wave longitudinally on the power lines. The system includes at least one other launcher, and more likely a number of other launchers, spaced apart from one another along the constellation of transmission lines. The system and associated electric fields along any given conductor are radially and longitudinally symmetrical.

The invention may be embodied in a method for operating a disk drive in a mobile device to optimize power usage based on an application category. The mobile device may be a hand held computing device such as a personal digital assistant (PDA) or a mobile terminal such as a cellular telephone. A technique of the invention may spin down the disk drive after an adjustable delay time interval that is set based on an application category associated with a most recent data transfer command.

The present invention is directed to enable mode conversion between a TEM mode and another mode to be performed among a plurality of waveguides. An RF module comprises: a TEM waveguide as a first waveguide for propagating electromagnetic waves in a TEM mode; and a waveguide having a multilayer structure as a second waveguide connected to the first waveguide, for propagating electromagnetic waves in another mode different from the TEM mode. An end of the first waveguide is directly conductively connected to one of ground electrodes of the second waveguide from the stacking direction side of the ground electrodes. Since magnetic fields are coupled so that the direction of the magnetic field of the first waveguide and that of the magnetic field of the second waveguide match with each other in the H plane, mode conversion between the TEM mode and another mode can be excellently performed between the waveguides.

A multi-channel mode converter operating with a series of TE or TM mode electromagnetic wave includes a plurality of coaxial waveguides arranged in overlay configuration. By controlling radius ratio and the number of coupling aperture of each coaxial waveguide, high power and high purity of operating mode of electromagnetic wave can be obtained and the major parasitic mode of electromagnetic wave can be suppressed, so as to avoid crosstalk between coaxial waveguides. A rotary joint including the above-mentioned mode converter with multi-channel is also disclosed.

A surgical system that applies electrical energy to obtain predetermined surgical effects while improving the control of the application of the energy that is supplied by electrosurgical generators. In one embodiment, a surgical assembly interfaces with and receives power from an electrosurgical generator for executing a first electrosurgical procedure. This surgical assembly may employ a shunt circuit between its power and return lines for providing in effect a voltage limitation and / or to allow a constant power electrosurgical generator to execute an at least substantially constant voltage electrosurgical technique. The electrosurgical assembly may also include a return coupler for directing energy from the patient back to the electrosurgical generator, which in turn may include a dielectric material which interfaces with the patient and which at least initially conveys the return energy via one or more electric fields versus conduction.

A telecommunications connector includes first and second pairs of electrical conductors. The first and second pairs of conductors are arranged in one region of the connector such that one conductor of the first pair is selectively positioned to be closer to both of the conductors of the second pair than is the other conductor of the first pair, and such that the one conductor of the first pair couples a common mode signal of a first polarity onto the conductors of the second pair. In another region of the connector the other conductor of the first pair is selectively positioned to be closer to both of the conductors of the second pair to asymmetrically couple a common mode signal of a second polarity onto the conductors of the second pair.

A system and method for controlling a conversion frequency of a hysteretic mode voltage converter. A digital control loop comprises a timing measure unit having a first input coupled to a reference clock and a second input coupled to a clock based on a switching of the switching of the converter, and an on time adjust unit coupled to the timing measure unit. The timing measure unit counts a number of clock ticks of a clock signal provided by the clock occurring during a period of time specified by a number of clock ticks of a reference clock signal provided by the reference clock. The on time adjust unit adjusts an on time control signal based on the count of the number of clock ticks of the clock signal to alter a frequency of the switching.

A fixed-frequency current mode converter comprises a power stage to produce an inductor current and an output voltage, an error amplifier to generate an error signal from the difference between the output voltage and a reference voltage varied with the inductor current, a comparator to compare the error signal with a ramp signal varied with the inductor current to generate a comparison signal, and a PWM generator to generate a PWM signal in response to a fixed-frequency clock and the comparison signal to drive the power stage. A second comparator is further comprised to compare the error signal with a second reference voltage varied with the inductor current, and generates a second comparison signal to reset the clock when the error signal is lower than the second reference voltage.

A wafer-scale apparatus and method is described for the automation of forming, aligning and attaching two-dimensional arrays of microoptic elements on semiconductor and other image display devices, backplanes, optoelectronic boards, and integrated optical systems. In an ordered fabrication sequence, a mold plate comprised of optically designed cavities is formed by reactive ion etching or alternative processes, optionally coated with a release material layer and filled with optically specified materials by an automated fluid-injection and defect-inspection subsystem. Optical alignment fiducials guide the disclosed transfer and attachment processes to achieve specified tolerances between the microoptic elements and corresponding optoelectronic devices and circuits. The present invention applies to spectral filters, waveguides, fiber-optic mode-transformers, diffraction gratings, refractive lenses, diffractive lens / Fresnel zone plates, reflectors, and to combinations of elements and devices, including microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) and liquid crystal device (LCD) matrices for adaptive, tunable elements. Preparation of interfacial layer properties and attachment process embodiments are taught.

A drive state shift control apparatus for a hybrid vehicle and a control method for a hybrid vehicle smoothly perform a shift in drive state in accordance with an operating state by a mode shift and a gear shift. When an accelerator operation causes a mode shift request and a gear shift request at substantially the same time, vehicle information including at least one of the vehicle speed and the engine load is used to determine the sequence of the shifts based on the competing interests of shock control and responsiveness.

The invention describes method and apparatus for a mode converter enabling an adiabatic transfer of a higher order mode into a lower order optical mode within a photonic integrated circuit exploiting integrated semiconductor ridge waveguide techniques. As disclosed by the invention, such a mode conversion is achievable by using an asymmetric coupler methodology. In an exemplary embodiment of the invention, the invention is used to provide a low insertion loss optical connection between laterally-coupled DFB laser operating in first order mode and passive waveguide operating in the zero order optical mode. The integrated arrangement fabricated by using one-step epitaxial growth allows for a launch of the laser's light into the waveguide circuitry operating in the zero order lateral mode or efficiently coupling it to single-mode fiber, an otherwise high loss interface due to the difference in laser and optical fiber modes.

A touch screen that employs a lens-less linear IR sensor array and an IR light source from a single location at the periphery of the screen to illuminate one or more objects proximate to the screen surface and detect light reflected from such objects. The sensor array is paired with a proximal grid-like barrier / reflector to create Moiré patterns on the sensor array. Digital signal processing converts such patterns into discrete Fourier transforms. The peaks of the lower order discrete Fourier spectrum as well as the complex phases of the lower order peaks can be used to determine the locations of the objects proximal to the screen accurately. A small number of pressure or surface acoustic sensors at the periphery of the screen are utilized to improve positioning reliability by providing redundant positioning information and registering physical contacts with the screen.

Embodiments of LED driver circuits and the associated methods are disclosed herein. In one embodiment, the LED driver circuit comprises a switch-mode converter, a controller, a feedback circuit, and a gating circuit. The feedback circuit includes a current balance circuit. The gating circuit is responsive to both a current feedback signal and a voltage feedback signal and is configured to select one of them as the feedback signal.

A method and an apparatus to dynamically transition a processor between two performance states, high performance and low power. Predetermined core clock frequency and supply voltage levels of the processor define each performance state. Transitioning the supply voltage while the processor is in the active mode and transitioning the frequency while the processor is in the sleep mode significantly reduce the processor latency.

The invention discloses a fault single end positioning method of a power transmission line based on traveling wave multi-scale information, which comprises the following steps of: selecting different phases as reference phases according to different fault types and carrying out phase-mode transformation on a fault current traveling wave signal of the power transmission line to obtain a fault current traveling wave mode signal for fault positioning; carrying out continuous wavelet transformation on the mode signal, extracting modulus maximums of wave heads of first and second traveling waves on each wavelet transformation coefficient and corresponding moments of the modulus maximums and judging a section where the fault occurs and determining frequency components of the wave heads of the first and the second traveling waves for positioning according to wavelet transformation modulus maximums to obtain mode wave speeds of the two traveling waves with different frequency components and arrival moments of the wave heads; and finally comprehensively calculating the fault distance of the power transmission line in combination with the mode wave speeds and the arrival moments of the two traveling waves. In the fault single end positioning method of the power transmission line, the frequency components, the mode wave speeds and the arrival moments of the wave heads of the traveling waves are accurately determined by utilizing the multi-scale information of the traveling waves so as to accurately calculating the fault distance of the power transmission line.

Provided is a calculating method for dynamically establishing port and vessel air pollutant emission lists. A port emission module (including a cargo storage and shipment submodule, a port operation facility submodule, a collecting and distributing submodule and a database), a vessel emission module (including a cruising submodule, a berthing and departing submodule, an operation and construction submodule and a database), an operation scene (including an emission reduction strategy) dynamic combining module and a data base are included. The calculating method is used for calculating single and superposed accumulated emission lists for air pollutants (mainly PM2.5, NOx, SOx, VOCs, CO, CO2 and the like) which has general characteristics and are emitted by coastal or inland vessels entering, leaving and passing through ports through cruising, berthing and departing and / or operation, and facilities for port cargo loading, unloading, storage, transporting, collecting and distributing in identical or similar time and space in different working conditions and modes, reliable data support is provided for port and vessel energy conservation and emission reduction schemes of related departments, and design and strategies of structure adjustment and mode transformation green traffic development planning of the ports, and the goals of air pollution prevention, carbon emission control, port air quality improvement and weather climate changing handling are achieved.

The present invention includes a device and a method for fabricating a device that is an optical power mode transformer that accepts light in a mode transformation direction where the transformer is attached to or embedded in a semiconductor microchip and includes a first single or multimode optical input (SM) waveguide including a first core surrounded by a cladding, and, a second high contrast index grade (HC) waveguide including a second core having a tapered region and surrounded by said cladding, a portion of the tapered region of the core being embedded within the first optical input waveguide region with an embedded length sufficient for efficient light transfer from the first input waveguide to the said second waveguide wherein the embedded portion of the tapered region is fully surrounded by the first input waveguide along an axial and radial cross-section of the second waveguide in the mode transformation direction. In this manner, it is possible that the long (SM) waveguide eventually actually acts as a cladding for the (HC) waveguide.

The invention discloses a method for current differential protection of a direct current electric transmission line, which comprises the following steps: according to a distributed parameter model of the electric transmission line, using mode transformation in a time domain to transform sampling values of direct current and direct current voltage into a modulus; then using the mode voltage and the current of two ends from two ends of a line respectively to calculate mode current of certain point of the line at each moment; and using the mode current to directly construct a current differential protection criterion, or synthesizing electrode current through electrode mode inverse transformation, and then constructing the current differential protection criterion according to the electrode current. The method can improve the sensitivity and the reliability of direct current line protection, has good controllability and high security, has a complete setting theory, overcomes the defects of the conventional traveling-wave protection as the main protection of a high-voltage direct current line, and requires no recognition of a traveling-wave wave head; besides, the calculation is simple. The method is mainly used for the current differential protection of the direct current electric transmission line in an electric power system, in particular for the protection of an ultra / extra high-voltage direct current electric transmission line.

An interface device for performing mode transformation in optical waveguides includes an optical waveguide core for propagating light of a particular wavelength or a plurality of wavelengths. The optical waveguide core terminates in a subwavelength grating configured to change the propagation mode of the light. The subwavelength grating has a pitch sufficiently less than the wavelength of the light to frustrate diffraction. The device can thus serve as an optical coupler between different propagating media, or as an anti-reflective or high reflectivity device.

A touch screen that employs a lens-less linear IR sensor array and an IR light source from a single location at the periphery of the screen to illuminate one or more objects proximate to the screen surface and detect light reflected from such objects. The sensor array is paired with a proximal grid-like barrier / reflector to create Moiré patterns on the sensor array. Digital signal processing converts such patterns into discrete Fourier transforms. The peaks of the lower order discrete Fourier spectrum as well as the complex phases of the lower order peaks can be used to determine the locations of the objects proximal to the screen accurately. A small number of pressure or surface acoustic sensors at the periphery of the screen are utilized to improve positioning reliability by providing redundant positioning information and registering physical contacts with the screen.

A downhole tool system includes a downhole tool operably positionable within a wellbore and a sensor positioned within the downhole tool. The sensor has a first mode and a second mode. In the first mode, the sensor is responsive to RF interrogation. In the second mode, the sensor is not responsive to RF interrogation. The sensor is operable to transition from the first mode to the second mode upon the occurrence of a predetermined level of erosion of the downhole tool proximate the sensor. A detector is operably positionable relative to the downhole tool and in communicative proximity to the sensor. The detector interrogates the sensor to determine whether the predetermined level of erosion has occurred.

A low loss coupling arrangement between a slab / strip waveguide and a rib waveguide in an optical waveguiding structure formed on a silicon-on-insulator (SOI) platform utilizes tapered sections at the input and / or output of the rib waveguide to reduce loss. Optical reflections are reduced by using silicon tapers (either vertical tapers, horizontal tapers, or two-dimensional tapers) that gradually transition the effective index seen by an optical signal propagating along the slab / strip waveguide and subsequently into and out of the rib waveguide. Loss can be further reduced by using adiabatically contoured silicon regions at the input and output of the rib waveguide to reduce mode mismatch between the slab / strip waveguide and rib waveguide. In a preferred embodiment, concatenated tapered and adiabatic sections can be used to provide for reduced optical reflection loss and reduced optical mode mismatch.

An earphone antenna includes an earphone cable having first signal lines; a shielded cable including a coaxial cable, a second signal line for audio signals and a grounding wire, the coaxial cable having a central conductor passing high frequency signals surrounded by an insulator and further surrounded by a first shield wire, the coaxial cable, the second signal line, and the grounding wire collectively being surrounded by a second shield wire; a multipin connector arranged on one end of the shielded cable an adapted to electrically connect the shielded cable to a radio apparatus; and a connection block interconnecting the other end of the shielded cable and the earphone cable. The connection block includes a balun for carrying out impedance and balanced / unbalanced mode transformation, and an audio signal transmission path formed by connecting the second signal line and the grounding wire, respectively, to the pair of first signal lines via a high frequency choke exhibiting low impedance for audio signals and high impedance for high frequency signals. By connecting the central conductor of the coaxial cable and the first shield wire to an unbalanced part of the balun, connecting the pair of first signal lines to one end of a balanced part of the balun via a capacitor exhibiting high impedance for audio signals and low impedance for high frequency signals, and connecting the other end of the balanced part of the balun to the second shield wire, a dipole antenna is formed by the earphone cable and the second shield wire.

Systems and method are provided for the elimination / mitigation of vibration arising from a mode transition during a robotic surgery. The robotic surgery can be performed with a patient side cart, portions of which can be affected by the mode transition. Initial parameters for the portions of the patient side cart that can be affected by the mode transition are identified and are used to create a smoothing curve. The smoothing curve can direct the movement of the portions of the patient side cart to transition between the modes. The smoothing curve can be continuously generated until a new mode transition is requested.

An interface device for performing mode transformation in optical waveguides includes an optical waveguide core for propagating light of a particular wavelength. The optical waveguide core terminates in a subwavelength grating configured to change the propagation mode of the light. The subwavelength grating has a pitch sufficiently less than the wavelength of the light to frustrate diffraction. The device can thus serve as an optical coupler between different propagating media, or as an anti-reflective or high reflectivity device.

This invention relates to radiofrequency (rf) cavities and couplers that comprise metallic or dielectric rods to provide specified concentration of field patterns for the operating modes in the interaction region, for applications in particle accelerators, pulsed rf power sources, amplifiers, mode converters and power couplers.

The invention relates to an adaptive fault section positioning method of a power distribution network containing a distributed power supply, and the power distribution network containing the distributed power supply is divided into a plurality of sections with no branches at double ends. Under the condition of knowing line parameters of all the sections, voltage and current information at nodes of both ends of each section is collected, mode voltage, mode current and mode parameters of a line at the nodes are obtained through phase-mode transformation, and Fourier transform is performed on node mode current to obtain a node mode current phase angle. No-load detection of a line and differential current detection of mode current of a section are utilized, only under the condition that the line in the section is loaded and mode current differential current of the section is overflowing is fault judgment of the section started, and through comparison of a mode current phase angle difference value absolute value of the section with a judgment threshold value, a fault judgment result of the section is obtained. Fault judgment results of all the sections in the power distribution network containing the distributed power supply are utilized to generate a system fault judgment matrix, and through judgment of element values in the system fault judgment matrix, the section where a fault point is is obtained.