35 results about "Neoplasm DNA" patented technology

A fractional concentration of clinically-relevant DNA in a mixture of DNA from a biological sample is determined based on amounts of DNA fragments at multiple sizes. For example, the fractional concentration of fetal DNA in maternal plasma or tumor DNA in a patient's plasma can be determined. The size of DNA fragments in a sample is shown to be correlated with a proportion of fetal DNA and a proportion of tumor DNA, respectively. Calibration data points (e.g., as a calibration function) indicate a correspondence between values of a size parameter and the fractional concentration of the clinically-relevant DNA. For a given sample, a first value of a size parameter can be determined from the sizes of DNA fragments in a sample. A comparison of the first value to the calibration data points can provide the estimate of the fractional concentration of the clinically-relevant DNA.

The present invention provides methods for cancer detection and diagnosis. The present invention provides a method of selectively amplifying hypomethylated tumor DNA sequences derived from a subject for detection of cancer. This method utilizes differential methylation to allow for the selective amplification of tumor specific sequences from DNA mixtures that contain a high proportion of normal host DNA. The invention also provides methods of using the amplified tumor DNA sequences for evaluation of methylation.

The invention discloses a tumor deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) vaccine taking mucin 1 and survivin as targets and a viral vector vaccine. The invention relates to the field of tumor DNA vaccines and viral vector vaccines, in particular to recombinant DNA vector VR-S8 and VR-MS, recombinant adenovirus Ad-S8 and Ad-MS, and recombinant poxvirus MVA-MS vaccines, and application of the optimum combination of immune ways between DNA vaccines and viral vector vaccines and between the viral vector vaccines in preparing antitumor vaccines.

The invention relates to an application of a sequence-optimized secreted form FAPalpha-based tumor DNA vaccine, which belongs to the field of a tumor DNA vaccine. The invention relates to a FAPalpha-derived secreted form FAPalpha extracellular segment sequence shF(m) and its codon-optimized sequence OshF(m) and an application of a DNA vaccine constructed based on two sequences for preparing a tumor therapeutic vaccine. The application determines, by immunogenicity experiments and anti-tumor experiments, that the above DNA vaccine has stronger antitumor activity than a DNA vaccine having the original FAPalpha sequence. the sequence OshF(m) has only 76% homology with the original sequence, and can better express the target protein, and the application has a better application prospect in thepreparation of various tumor vaccines based on FAPalpha.

The invention relates to fields of tumor DNA vaccines, viral vector vaccines and protein vaccines and especially relates to a tumor genetically-engineered vaccine utilizing mucin-1 and survivin as target sites. The tumor genetically-engineered vaccine comprises recombinant DNA vectors of CpVR-MS and CpDV-IL2-MS. The invention also relates to a use of recombinant protein vaccines of S8 and 9M, a DNA vaccine, a viral vaccine, a protein vaccine and an optimized combination of immune methods of the DNA vaccine, the viral vaccine and the protein vaccine in preparation of an anti-tumor vaccine.

An amount of mitochondrial DNA molecules relative to an amount of nuclear DNA molecules is determined in a biological sample, and the relative amount is used for various purposes, e.g., screening, detection, prognostication or monitoring of various physiological and pathological conditions. As examples, an amount of mitochondrial DNA can be used to estimate a concentration of DNA of a tissue type, such as a fetal DNA concentration, tumor DNA concentration, or a concentration of DNA in the biological sample derived from a non-hematopoietic tissue source. Sequencing techniques can be used to determine a mitochondrial DNA concentration in a sample for an accurate detection of a level of cancer. A level of an auto-immune disease is also determined using a relative amount of mitochondrial DNA molecules compared nuclear DNA molecules.

The invention relates to the field of tumor DNA vaccines and virus vector vaccines with fibroblast activation protein alpha as a target, in particular to recombinant DNA carrier CpVR-FAP, recombinant adenovirus Ad-FAP and recombinant poxvirus MVA-FAP vaccines, DNA vaccines, virus vector vaccines and optimal combination of immune ways of the virus vector vaccines or application of combination of the vaccines and cyclophosphamide in preparation of anti-tumor vaccines.

The invention relates to molecular biology detection of genes in the technical field of biology, and particularly relates to a method for detecting c-MET gene amplification by utilizing a digital PCR(Polymerase Chain Reaction) technology. The detection method comprises the following steps: firstly, designing and synthesizing upstream and downstream primers for detecting c-MET gene amplification and the probe for detecting the c-MET gene amplification for c-MET genes; then designing digital PCR detection parameters; judging whether a sample to be detected contains c-MET gene amplification through the digital PCR technology. The primer and the probe designed by the invention have strong specificity, are applied to non-tumorous tissues through the digital PCR detection, the accuracy is high,and the sensitivity can be up to 0.01 percent. The length of an amplification fragment of the primer designed and synthesized by the method disclosed by the invention is less than 100bp, so that thefragment is particularly suitable for amplifying small-fragment DNA samples such as plasma free DNA, and variation of c-MET amplification with extremely low abundance ratio can be detected from cfDNA,tumor DNA is detected from blood circulation of patients in the early stage of tumors; moreover, the technical problem of risk of invasive sampling detection is overcome, and the primer, the probe and the detection method have extremely important effects on guidance of clinical treatment and improvement of prognosis of patients.

The cMethDNA method of the present invention is a novel modification of the QM-MSP method (U.S. Pat. No. 8,062,849), specifically intended to quantitatively detect tumor DNA (or other circulating DNAs) in fluids such as serum or plasma at the lowest copy number yet reported. Unique compared to any other PCR-based assay, a small number of copies of a synthetic polynucleotide standard (STDgene) is added to an aliquot of patient serum. In a standard procedure, a cocktail of standards for a plurality of genes of interest (TARGETgene) is added to a sample of serum. Once total DNA is purified and processed, a PCR (multiplex step) is performed wherein the STDgene and the TARGETgene are co-amplified with the same external primer set. In the N second nested PCR step, amplicons present in a dilution of the first PCR reaction are subjected to real time PCR, and quantified for each gene in one well by two-color real-time PCR. Products are calculated by absolute quantitation with internal primer sets specific for the methylated TARGETgene and associated STDgene. Methods of making the STDgene standards and the use of the cMethDNA methods and kits containing the same are disclosed.

The invention relates to the field of tumor DNA (Deoxyribose Nucleic Acid) vaccines and virus vector vaccines, and in particular relates to recombinant DNA vectors VR-S8 and VR-MS, recombinant adenoviruses AD-S8 and Ad-MS and a recombinant poxvirus MVA-MS vaccine, as well as application of DNA vaccines and optimized combination of immunization ways between virus vector vaccines to preparation of antitumor vaccines.

It is disclosed herein that (a) an anti-tumor DNA vaccine delivered using a MIP DNA vector is a less effective tumor treatment than the corresponding anti-tumor DNA vaccine delivered using a conventional pDNA vector, despite the MIP DNA vector eliciting a higher frequency of antigen-specific CD8+ T cells; and (b) tumor infiltrating CD8+ T cells in animals immunized with the MIP DNA vector express higher levels of the immune checkpoint protein LAG-3 than animals immunized with a conventional pDNA vector, while the expression levels of other immune checkpoint proteins was the same for both groups. Based on these findings, improved methods and compositions for administering DNA vaccines are disclosed. Specifically, DNA vaccines delivered with MIP DNA are administered along with a LAG-3 pathway blocking agent, resulting in a more effective vaccine-induced cellular immune response.

The invention discloses acute promyelocytic leukemia DNA vaccine PML-RAR Alpha 384-hIL-2 which provides the fusion gene pIRES-PML-RAR Alpha-hIL-2 and also the medicine for the application of the DNA vaccine to prepare acute promyelocytic leukemia. The invention constructs DNA vaccine by using the PML-RAR Alpha fusion gene to eradicate the MRD of the APL provides PML-RAR Alpha-hIL-2 double-gene DNA vaccine which can induce and produce the PML-RAR Alpha-hIL-2 with specific anti APL immune effect and provides important data and information for the research of DNA vaccine that cures the APL. The method of the invention can also be referred by other research institutes on curing tumor DNA vaccine; the DNA vaccine of the invention can clear the minimal residual diseases of the bodies of APL patients, so as to finally achieve the aim of curing the APL.

The invention provides a non-invasive tumor therapeutic effect evaluation and relapse monitoring method which is economical, practical, high in sensitivity and effective for each individual. The method includes the steps of one-time high-flux sequencing screening and real-time fluorescence PCR daily non-invasive monitoring. Firstly, tumor DNA is extracted from tumor tissue or blood or marrow of individuals, sequencing is conducted through a high-flux sequencing instrument, proper detection sites are screened according to a screening standard provided by the method, a real-time fluorescence PCR method is established, and the relapse conditions of tumors are monitored and therapeutic effect evaluation is conducted through existence of the detection sites in the blood. The bodies of the patients are searched for existing mutational sites through a high-flux sequencing method, and it can be guaranteed that the method is effective for each individual. The detection sites screened according to the special screening standard provided by the method can be detected in the background of a large amount of normal DNA, and sensitivity is high. The real-time fluorescence PCR method serves as a means for daily monitoring tumor mutant genes in the blood or urine, and the method is economical, practical and free of trauma.

We queried DNA from saliva or plasma of 93 HNSCC patients, searching for somatic mutations or human papillomavirus genes, collectively referred to as tumor DNA. When both plasma and saliva were tested, tumor DNA was detected in 96% (95% CI, 84% to 99%) of 47 patients. The fractions of patients with detectable tumor DNA in early- and late-stage disease were 100% (n=10) and 95% (n=37), respectively. Saliva is preferentially enriched for tumor DNA from the oral cavity, whereas plasma is preferentially enriched for tumor DNA from the other sites. Tumor DNA in the saliva and plasma is a valuable biomarker for detection of HNSCC.

The invention pertains to a method for predicting a manifestation of an outcome measure of a cancer patient based on a tumor DNA containing tissue sample from the cancer patient, comprising, firstly, determining an existence of a sequence variation within segments of at least two genes of the tumor DNA as Present, if at least one significant sequence variation can be determined, or as Absent, if no significant sequence variation can be determined, wherein the at least two genes of the tumor DNA are associated with the outcome measure of the patient; secondly, combining the existence of sequence variations of the at least two genes using a logical operation (prediction function), and thirdly, predicting based on the results of the logical operation the manifestation of an outcome measure of the patient.

The present invention provides a pharmaceutical composition for treating a tumor, which is a micelle encapsulating at least one tumor-associated antigen gene. The present invention also provides a method for treating a tumor, comprising administering a micelle encapsulating at least one tumor-associated antigen gene to a patient in need of such treatment.

The invention provides a primer combination for monitoring free tumor DNA, a kit and application. The primer combination is composed of one or two of a first primer pair and a second primer pair, thefirst primer pair is composed of an upstream primer with a base sequence shown as SEQ ID No.1 and a dowmstream primer with a base sequence shown as SEQ ID No.2, and the second primer pair is composedof an upstream primer with a base sequence shown as SEQ ID No.3 and a dowmstream primer with a base sequence shown as SEQ ID No.4. The kit comprises the primer combination. The kit has the advantagesof being quick, simple, convenient, high in specificity, sensitivity and reliability, low in detection cost, short in time, high in detection efficiency and accuracy and low false positive rate.

The invention provides a kit for detecting EGFR gene T790M mutation and a gene mutation detection method based on the kit, and relates to the technical field of gene detection. The kit comprises an isothermal amplification reaction system, a detection reaction system and at least two circulating tumor DNA standards with known mutation frequencies of an EGFR gene T790M. The kit has the characteristics of being high in sensitivity, high in specificity, simple in operation, easy to carry and the like, and is very suitable for detection of low-frequency mutations in tumor DNA molecules. The detection sensitivity of the detection method based on the kit can reach 10-18 moles per liter, that is the mole level, and the specificity can be achieved by identifying the differences in nucleic acid fragments of a single basic group.

As cell-free DNA from brain and spinal cord tumors cannot usually be detected in the blood, we assessed the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) that bathes the CNS for tumor DNA, here termed CSF-tDNA. The results suggest that CSF-tDNA could be useful for the management of patients with primary tumors of the brain or spinal cord.

The invention concerns a method for the determination of data for the preparation of presymptomatic or prenatal diagnosis of phakomatosis, in particular, a tumor suppressor gene disease, in a high-risk patient, in particular of neurofibromatosis, comprising the steps of: making available the tumor material from a person afflicted with the tumor suppressor gene disease, who is a relative of the high-risk patient; isolating tumor DNA from the tumor in the relative; isolating blood DNA from the blood of the relative; amplifying polymorphous DNA microsatellite markers from the tumor and the blood; separating the markers by length; observing the lengths of the markers; comparing the markers from the blood and the tumor; examining for a loss of alleles; optionally, comparing amplified markers from a second tumor of the relative; and amplifying polymorphous DNA microsatellite markers from the blood of an offspring and separating and observing the markers.

The invention relates to the field of tumor DNA vaccines and virus vector vaccines. Specifically, the invention relates to a recombinant DNA vector VR-S8 vaccine, a VR-MS vaccine, a recombinant adenovirus Ad-S8 vaccine, an Ad-MS vaccine and a recombinant poxvirus MVA-MS vaccine, and application of the DNA vaccines and the virus vector vaccines as well as the application of optimal combination of immunization ways of the virus vector vaccines in preparation of antitumor vaccines.

The invention discloses a liquid phase nanometer colloidal gold colorimetric method for quickly detecting malignant tumor DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid), and belongs to the technical field of malignant tumor detection methods. The method has the technical characteristics that a glass container used for an experiment is cleaned with detergent, after the glass container finishes being cleaned with thedetergent, the glass container is cleaned with distilled water, then, the glass container is dipped in silicified reagent overnight, the inner surface of a gold manufacture vessel is subjected to silicified processing, and the glass container is cleaned with distilled water for standby; 1%(w/v) chloroauric acid and 1%(w/v) sodium citrate solution are prepared, and a filter membrane of which the aperture is 0.2 micrometer is used for filtering; and one magnetic force stirrer is put in a 1000mL of round-bottom flask which is cleaned, and 1000mL of ultrapure water is added. By use of the method,according to the color change of nanometer colloidal gold solution, whether DNA methylation is normal or not can be represented so as to bring convenience for medical personnel in making an early diagnosis for the malignant tumor before clinical symptoms appear, and therefore, the method is favorable for promotion and use.

The invention provides an anti-tumor DNA vaccine, which is obtained by transforming pCMV-mt Hsp70-IRES- suicide genes into amphimicrobion which is friendly to human body, anaerobic bacteria which are friendly to the human body, amphimicrobion for reducing toxicity or obligate aerobes for reducing toxicity. The pCMV-mt Hsp70-IRES- suicide genes are recombinant plasmids which are formed by taking pCMV plasmids as an expression vector and tubercle bacillus heat shock protein 70 proteins and suicide genes as antigen genes, wherein the tubercle bacillus heat shock protein 70 proteins and the suicide genes are positioned on the upstream and the downstream of internal ribosome access sites in the pCMV plasmids respectively. The DNA vaccine is used for treating solid tumor and applied through local injection.