42 results about "Neural development" patented technology

The present disclosure relates to novel nutritional methods and compositions containing essential fatty acids which optimize embryonic, fetal and child neurological development and provide improved nutritional support for women prior to and during lactation. Further the methods and compositions improve gestational length and birth weight. The nutritional methods and compositions are also intended for use by women to optimize infant neurological development and provide improved nutritional support for women prior to, during and after lactation.

The present invention relates to undifferentiated human embryonic stem cells, methods of cultivation and propagation and production of differentiated cells. In particular it relates to the production of human ES cells capable of yielding somatic differentiated cells in vitro, as well as committed progenitor cells such as neural progenitor cells capable of giving rise to mature somatic cells including neural cells and / or glial cells and uses thereof.This invention provides methods that generate in vitro and in vivo models of controlled differentiation of ES cells towards the neural lineage. The model, and cells that are generated along the pathway of neural differentiation may be used for: the study of the cellular and molecular biology of human neural development, discovery of genes, growth factors, and differentiation factors that play a role in neural differentiation and regeneration, drug discovery and the development of screening assays for teratogenic, toxic and neuroprotective effects.

A method and system for medical imaging of neuropsychiatric disorders including attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), autism, and schizophrenia. Noninvasive, in vivo methods identify novel brain molecular biomarkers of normal neurodevelopment in order to determine molecular underpinnings of abnormal neurodevelopment. The described brain molecular biomarkers will aid in the presymptomatic diagnosis of neuropsychiatric disorders which begin in childhood and adolescence, such as ADHD, autism, and schizophrenia.

The present invention provides methods of identifying biomarkers indicative of the presence of a neurodevelopmental disorder, including an autism spectrum disorder, in an individual, using cytometry and mass spectrometry. The invention further provides methods of using the identified biomarkers to diagnose the presence of a neurodevelomental disorder, including an autism spectrum disorder.

The present invention provides methods of identifying markers indicative of the risk of developing a neurodevelopmental disorder caused in part by antibody- or autoantibody-mediated damage of neural tissue, including autism spectrum disorder (ASD). The invention further provides methods of diagnosing whether an individual has a neurodevelopmental disorder, including an ASD, and methods for determining the risk that a mother's future offspring will develop an a neurodevelopmental disorder, including an ASD.

A milk fat globule membrane-containing infant formula milk powder and a preparation method thereof belong to the technical field of preparation of infant formula milk powder. The milk fat globule membrane-containing infant formula milk powder is composed of essential nutrient components of skim milk powder, concentrated whey protein powder, lactose, demineralized whey powder, vegetable oil, vitamins, mineral substance and the like and meanwhile contains 0.01%-1.5% of milk fat globule membrane (MFGM) extract. By taking breast milk as reference, the nutrient components of the milk fat globule membrane-containing infant formula milk powder, especially the composition of fat globules, can be closer to those of the breast milk and accordingly can promote cerebral and neural development of newborns and improve the cognitive competence as well as anti-infection ability.

The present invention relates to processes for production of Very Long Chain Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids (VLC-PUFAs). The present invention also relates to compositions (e.g., nutritional supplements, food products, and pharmaceutic compositions) containing such VLC-PUFAs. In one embodiment, the present invention is directed to methods for biosynthesis and production of the VLC-PUFAs described herein (particularly C28-C40 PUFAs, also referred to herein as supraenes or supraenoics) by the expression, in a production host cell, of the full or partial sequence(s) of Elovl4 DNA / mRNA nucleic acids or ELOVL4 protein sequences encoded thereby, from any species (prokaryotic or eukaryotic) for use in the biosynthesis, production, purification and utilization of VLC-PUFAs in particular by the elongation of C18-C26 saturated fatty acids and PUFAs. The composition of the invention comprises, in various embodiments, a dietary supplement, a food product, a nutritional formulation, a pharmaceutical formulation, a humanized animal milk, an infant formula, and a cosmetic item and for example. A pharmaceutical formulation can include, but is not limited to: a composition for enhancing neural development and function, a drug for treatment of neurodegenerative disease, an ocular disorder, a retinal disorder, age related maculopathy, a fertility disorder, particularly regarding sperm or testes, or a skin disorder.

cDNA libraries may be obtained from neural cell cultures produced by using growth factors to induce the proliferation of multipotent neural stem cells. The libraries may be obtained from both cultured normal and dysfunctional neural cells and from neural cell cultures at various stages of development. This information allows for the identification of the sequence of gene expression during neural development and can be used to reveal the effects of biological agents on gene expression in neural cells. Additionally, nucleic acids derived from dysfunctional tissue can be compared with that of normal tissue to identify genetic material which may be the cause of the dysfunction. This information could then be used in the design of therapies to treat the neurological disorder. A further use of the technology would be in the diagnosis of genetic disorders or for use in identifying neural cells at a particular stage in development.

A method for detection, treatment, and prevention of neurological development disorders utilizes an infrared imaging device, meridian theory of traditional Chinese medicine, and predetermined amounts of solid water particles to detect, treat, and prevent a neurological developmental disorder, such as autism. The method detects the disorder by initially identifying at least one hot spot on a patient with an infrared imaging device. At least one acupoint along a meridian pathway is identified. The hot spot is correlated with at least one acupoint located along the meridian pathway. The nexus of the hot spot and the meridian pathway indicates a potential neurological development disorder. A degree of irregularity of the internal organ is discerned by measuring a quantitative temperature at the nexus. A solid water particle is applied through a delivery means, such as oral, topical, vapor, and intravenous administration for treatment of the neurological developmental disorder.

The present invention relates generally to neural development and neurological disorders. The invention specifically concerns identification of novel modulators of the myelin-associated inhibitory system and various uses of the modulators so identified.

This invention relates to a method of treating or preventing neuro-degenerative disorders and neuro-developmental disorders by altering the ratio of the amount of full-length TrkB polypeptide to the amount of truncated TrkB polypeptides in a neuron or by altering the ratio of the amount of full-length TrkC polypeptide to the amount of truncated TrkC polypeptides in a neuron.

The instant invention is based, at least in part, on a newly-identified proteasome-independent signaling function of ubiquitinated PSD-95. Mdm2 inhibitors, Mdm4 inhibitors, PSD-95 inhibitors, and / or enantiomers and / or derivatives thereof de-crease endocytosis via preventing PSD-95 ubiquitination, and thereby increase AMPAR, NMDAR, D1 dopamine receptor surface expression in response to a given stimulus (e.g., NMDA, Aβ). Accordingly, the invention provides methods for modulating AM-PARS, NMDARs, or D1 dopamine receptors in a neuronal cell by contacting the neuronal cell with an Mdm2 and / or Mdm4 inhibitor or PSD-95 inhibitor and / or enantiomers and / or derivatives thereof. Mdm2 and / or Mdm4 inhibitors decrease the enzymatic activity of the respective proteins, and / or interactions with their respective substrates. Mdm2 and Mdm4 inhibitors and / or PSD-95 inhibitors of the invention are contemplated for use in the treatment of neurological disorders, neurodevelopmental disorders, and psychiatric disorders. The invention also provides methods to screen for new Mdm2 and Mdm4 inhibitors and PSD-95 inhibitors and / or enantiomers and / or derivatives thereof.

The invention discloses a method for building three-dimensional analog brain development models on the basis of micro-fluidic chips. The method includes main steps of preparing the micro-fluidic chips; forming embryoid bodies (EBs); differentiating and developing analog brains in the micro-fluidic chips. The method has the advantages that the novel engineered three-dimensional analog brain development models can be built by the aid of the method and are micro-reactors with perfusion functions on the basis of micro-fluidic chip technologies; in-vivo brain development basic principles and engineering technologies are combined with one another, and brain early development micro-environments can be effectively simulated; the method is low in cost and reagent dosage and easy to operate, in-situtracking and real-time monitoring can be carried out, animal models and the traditional two-dimensional culture modes can be replaced, brain early development can be simulated to a certain extent, apowerful novel platform can be provided to the aspects such as in-vitro brain development simulation, pathological research on abnormal neural development, medicine screening and toxicity detection, and the like.

Disclosed is a developmental animal model of temporal lobe epilepsy and other seizure-related disorders. In particular, the invention provides a method of inducing a permanent change in the neurological development of a rodent, such as a rat, comprising daily administration of low doses of a kainate receptor agonist to the animal in the second postnatal week, wherein after treatment with the kainate receptor agonist the animal exhibits reproducible seizure-like symptoms when exposed to mild to moderate stressors. Rats treated using the above method are particularly useful as a non-human system for studying temporal lobe epilepsy, as well as for studying the efficacy of potential anti-epileptic compounds and pharmaceutical preparations.

The invention provides a composition having effect of relieving symptoms of eczema and a preparation method of the composition. The composition comprises the following raw materials in parts by weightof 1-50 parts of shea butter, 10-50 parts of coconut oil, 10-50 parts of beeswax, 1-10 parts of moringa pterygosperma seed oil, 0.01-5 parts of Lingonberry, 0.01-5 parts of hamamelis leaves, 0.1-5 parts of calendula flowers, 0.1-5 parts of licorice roots and 0.1-5 parts of vitamin E. The composition adopts a full natural formula, is free from medicines or hormones, is free from essential oil andspice which are disadvantageous for neural development of the brains of babies, is nonirritant to skin and good in safety, and can effectively relieve symptoms of skin eczema, itch and swollen.

The invention provides a preparation method of neural stem cells and glutamatergic neurons in cerebral cortex, and relates to an iPSC complete neural induction culture medium. The iPSC complete neuralinduction culture medium comprises the following components: a cell basic culture medium, a cell culture additive, neural development factors and an inhibitor. The invention provides the iPSC complete neural induction culture medium, an iPSC nerve cell culture medium and a culture method. The culture medium includes a serum-free basic medium, a cell additive, neural development factors and an inhibitor. The use of the serum-free basic medium can avoid the introduction of exogenous substances and reduce the risk of pollution. Meanwhile, a variety of nutrients, such as the cell additive and theneural development factors, can enable iPSC cells to be stimulated by signals so that iPSC cells can be activated to promote differentiation. The cell culture method provided by the invention is simple, efficient, low in cost, and can induce high-quality neuron cells in a short period.

Described herein are methods for the prevention of neurodegeneration and the treatment of neurodegenerative disease (Including amyotrophic lateral sclerosis) ami neurodevelopmental disorders through the administration of an agent that inhibits die a2-Na / K ATPase / a-Adducin Complex.

The invention provides an adaptive infant education method and device. The method comprises the steps of playing educational content for an infant; collecting mouth movement data of an infant, whereinthe mouth movement data of the infant comprises an amplitude value and a frequency value; according to the correlation between the frequency value of the infant's mouth movement data and the discrimination degree, calculating the discrimination degree of the infant to the broadcast educational content is calculated; according to the recognition of the educational content by the infant, selectingthe educational content which can stimulate the neural development of the infant from the database through the educational content recommendation algorithm. The invention detects the frequency value of the mouth movement of the infant; according to the correlation between the frequency value of mouth movement and discrimination, the discrimination of infants is calculated, and the degree of nervestimulation to infants is obtained. According to discrimination, educational content recommendation algorithm is used to select the educational content that can most stimulate infant neural development, and the screened educational content can maximize the promotion of infant neural development and language development.

The invention relates to a neural stem cell derived tissue engineering spinal cord tissue for simulating a spinal cord tissue structure and main cell constituents. The neural stem cell derived tissue engineering spinal cord tissue is obtained by in-vitro culture and construction through a biological tissue engineering technology and a neural stem cell induced differentiation technology, and has a white matter like structure in the peripheral part and a grey matter like structure in the central part. CNTF (ciliary neurotrophic factor) gene modified oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs) are planted in the white matter like structure; and NT-3 gene and receptor thereof TrkC gene modified neural stem cells (NSCs) are planted in the grey matter like structure. When being transplanted to a spinal cord complete transection injury site, the tissue engineering spinal cord tissue has favorable cell activity and can secrete neurotrophic factors to accelerate regeneration of spinal cord injured central neuron axons; and the tissue engineering spinal cord tissue can realize corresponding functions of oligodendrocytes and neurons, and serves as a neural information transfer relay to form a synaptic connection with regenerated nerve fibers so as to repair spinal cord injured neural circuits. The tissue engineering spinal cord tissue can also be used as an in-vitro model for neural pharmacology and neural development researches.

Provided are methods for treating and / or reducing the symptoms of a neurological or neurodevelopmental disease or disorder characterized by ectopic expression of certain ion channels, in particular, the Nav1.8 subtype SCN10a sodium channel, or the KCNQ1 potassium channel, in neuronal cells of the central nervous system (CNS) of a subject by administering to a subject in need an antagonist of one or both of these ion channels, and in particular, an antagonist of SCN10a, to block, reduce, or suppress the aberrant CNS neuronal ion channel expression and / or activity and normalize behavioral and cognitive defects associated with the neurological and neurodevelopmental disease or disorder, so as to treat and / or reduce the symptoms of the neurological or neurodevelopmental disease or disorder. Examples of such diseases or disorders that may be treated by the described methods include, for example, Pitt-Hopkins Syndrome (PTHS), autism, autism spectrum disorder, schizophrenia, 18q syndrome and the like.

The invention relates to a GABAergic neuron conditional knockout gene PGC-1 alpha mouse model and a construction method thereof and belongs to the field of animal models and application thereof. The construction method includes the steps that a PGC-1 alpha <flox / flox> mouse is obtained in the first place; then, a PGC-1 alpha <flox / +> is mated with a C57BL / 6J, and the PGC-1 alpha <flox / +> is obtained, then the PGC-1 alpha <flox / +> and the C57BL / 6J are mated with a Dlx5 / 6<Cre-IRES-EGFP> mouse, and the full knockout D1x5 / 6< Cre-IRES-EGFP >, PGC-1 alpha <flox / flox>, semi knockout D1x5 / 6< Cre-IRES-EGFP > and a PGC-1 alpha <flox> mouse are obtained; as a result, a gene knockout mouse on GABAergic internuncial neuron conditional knockout PGC-1 alpha is prepared, and a credible animal model is provided for mechanism research on neurodevelopment and neurodegenerative diseases.

The invention belongs to the technical field of biology, and relates to a hippocampal biomarker for a schizophrenia neurodevelopment mouse model, a detection method and a kit. The invention provides the hippocampal biomarker circRNA2 for the schizophrenia neurodevelopment mouse model, the detection method of the marker and the kit for the content of the marker. The invention further provides a biomarker circRNA2 for the hippocampus intervention of the schizophrenia neurodevelopment mouse model and a detection method and kit of the marker. The invention also provides a circRNA-signal pathway-target gene network map of the circRNA2 and a GO / KEGG enrichment analysis result of differential circRNA2 in the hippocampus. The hippocampal biomarker, the detection method and the kit have the advantages that the sample model is established to prove that schizophrenia can be caused to mice due to pregnancy neurological injuries and post-natal stress stimulation; it is discovered for the first timethat the hippocampal circRNA of the mice has difference in expression level, and the change can be reversed by olanzapine intervention. Great significance is provided for studying a relationship between the onset of schizophrenia and epigenetics and searching for new drugs for schizophrenia.

The invention belongs to the technical field of biology, and relates to a hippocampal biomarker for a schizophrenia neurodevelopment mouse model, a detection method and a kit. The invention provides:1) the hippocampal biomarker for a neurodevelopmental mouse model of schizophrenia, which is mRNA1, mRNA2, mRNA5, mRNA10, the detection method for the above-mentioned marker, and the detection kit; 2)the biomarker for hippocampal intervention of the schizophrenia neurodevelopment mouse model, which is mRNA10, the detection method for the above marker, and the detection kit; and 3) mRNA10 mRNA signaling pathway-target gene network map and GO / KEGG enrichment analysis results. The beneficial effects of the present invention are that the schizophrenia neurodevelopment mouse model and the biomarker of intervention are provided for the first time, and the hippocampal mRNA has the difference in expression level. The change can be reversed by olanzapine intervention, which has implications for revealing the pathogenesis of schizophrenia and the therapeutic targets of schizophrenia.

The present invention provides methods of identifying markers indicative of the risk of developing a neurodevelopmental disorder caused in part by antibody- or autoantibody-mediated damage of neural tissue, including autism spectrum disorder (ASD). The invention further provides methods of diagnosing whether an individual has a neurodevelopmental disorder, including an ASD, and methods for determining the risk that a mother's future offspring will develop an a neurodevelopmental disorder, including an ASD.

The present invention provides for the first time the identification of fetal neural exosomal biomarkers isolated from maternal plasma useful in diagnosing fetal neurodevelopmental outcomes. The invention also provides the identification of neonatal neural exosomal biomarkers isolated from neonatal plasma useful in diagnosing neonatal neurodevelopmental outcomes The present invention therefore provides methods, kits and systems for diagnosing fetal neurodevelopmental outcomes, by examining relevant proteins and RNA in fetal neural exosomes isolated from a maternal plasma and neonatal neural exosomes isolated from neonatal plasma.

The present invention relates to an induced pluripotent stem cell (iPS) model for cardiofaciocutaneous (CFC) syndrome, a method for producing the model, and uses of the iPS model in the analysis of neural development in CFC syndrome. Specifically, the CFC syndrome-derived iPS and generation and differentiation of an embryonic body were induced from the fibroblasts of a CFC syndrome patient, and the CFC syndrome-derived iPS and embryonic body were confirmed to exhibit broken embryonic body shapes and no differentiation into neurons. When a CFC syndrome-derived embryonic body was induced by treating with p-ERK and p-SMAD1 inhibitors, the embryonic body exhibited a normal embryonic body shape and effectively differentiated into neurons. Thus, the CFC syndrome patient-derived stem cell model of the invention can be effectively used in the research for neural development in cardiofaciocutaneous syndrome.