40 results about "Oxygen extraction" patented technology

Fire prevention and suppression systems and breathable fire-extinguishing compositions are provided for rooms, houses and buildings, transportation tunnels and vehicles, underground and underwater facilities, marine vessels, submarines, passenger and military aircraft, space stations and vehicles, military installations and vehicles, and all other human occupied objects and facilities. The system provides a breathable hypoxic fire-preventative atmosphere at standard atmospheric or local ambient pressure. The system employs an oxygen-extraction apparatus supplying oxygen-depleted air inside a human-occupied area or storing it in a high-pressure container for use in case of fire. A breathable fire-extinguishing composition is introduced for constant fire-preventive environments, being mostly a mixture of nitrogen and oxygen and having oxygen content ranging from 12% to 17%. A fire-suppression system is provided employing a fire-extinguishing composition with oxygen concentration under 16%, so when released it creates a breathable fire-suppressive atmosphere having oxygen concentration of approximately 16% (or lower if needed) with possible addition of carbon dioxide. A technology for automatically maintaining a breathable fire-preventive composition on board a human-occupied hermetic object is provided by introducing inert ballast that automatically maintains oxygen content under the Hypoxic Threshold. An aircraft fire prevention and suppression systems are provided utilizing hypoxic fire extinguishing compositions for producing breathable atmosphere onboard having fire-retarding properties.

Fire prevention and suppression systems and breathable fire-extinguishing compositions are provided for rooms, houses and buildings, transportation tunnels and vehicles, underground and underwater facilities, marine vessels, aircraft, space stations and vehicles, military installations and vehicles, and other human occupied objects and facilities. The system provides a low-oxygen (hypoxic) fire-preventive atmosphere at standard atmospheric or slightly increased pressure. The system employs an oxygen-extraction apparatus supplying oxygen-depleted air inside a human-occupied area or storing it in a high-pressure container for use in case of fire. A breathable fire-extinguishing composition, being mostly a mixture of nitrogen and oxygen and having oxygen content ranging from 12% to 17% for fire-preventive environments. The fire-suppression system is provided having fire-extinguishing composition with oxygen concentration under 16%, so when released it creates a breathable fire-suppressive atmosphere having oxygen content from 10 to 16%. A technology for automatically maintaining a breathable fire-preventive composition on board a human-occupied hermetic object is provided.

Fire prevention and suppression systems and breathable fire-extinguishing compositions are provided for rooms, houses and buildings, transportation tunnels and vehicles, underground and underwater facilities, marine vessels, submarines, passenger and military aircraft, space stations and vehicles, military installations and vehicles, and all other human occupied objects and facilities. The system provides a breathable hypoxic fire-preventative atmosphere at standard atmospheric or local ambient pressure. The system employs an oxygen-extraction apparatus supplying oxygen-depleted air inside a human-occupied area or storing it in a high-pressure container for use in case of fire. A breathable fire-extinguishing composition is introduced for constant fire-preventive environments, being mostly a mixture of nitrogen and oxygen and having oxygen content ranging from 12% to 17%. A fire-suppression system is provided employing a fire-extinguishing composition with oxygen concentration under 16%, so when released it creates a breathable fire-suppressive atmosphere having oxygen concentration of approximately 16% (or lower if needed) with possible addition of carbon dioxide. A technology for automatically maintaining a breathable fire-preventive composition on board a human-occupied hermetic object is provided by introducing inert ballast that automatically maintains oxygen content under the Hypoxic Threshold. An aircraft fire prevention and suppression systems are provided utilizing hypoxic fire extinguishing compositions for producing breathable atmosphere onboard having fire-retarding properties.

A system and process for maximizing the generation of marketable products from a variety of hydrocarbon feedstocks. The hydrocarbon feedstocks are first gasified and then oxidized in a two-chamber system and process using oxygen gas rather than ambient air. Intermediate gases generated in the system and process are recirculated and recycled to the gasification and oxidation chambers in order to maximize both energy generation and the resulting stoichiometric reaction products. The energy produced through the system and process is used to generate steam and produce power through conventional steam turbine technology. In addition to the release of heat energy, the hydrocarbon feedstocks are oxidized to the pure product compounds of water and carbon dioxide. The carbon dioxide is subsequently purified and marketed. The water recovered from the system and process is collected and electrolyzed to generate oxygen and hydrogen gases. These gases are separated using conventional gas separation technologies and also marketed. The system and process minimizes environmental emissions.

This invention relates to the field of electric power generation by direct transformation of the chemical energy of gaseous fuel to electric power by means of high-temperature solid oxide fuel cells. The invention can be used for the fabrication of miniaturized thin filmed oxygen sensors, in electrochemical devices for oxygen extraction from air and in catalytic electrochemical devices for waste gas cleaning or hydrocarbon fuels conversion. The technical objective of the invention is the production of a low-cost electrode-electrolyte pair having an elevated electrochemical efficiency as the most important structural part of a highly efficient, economically advantageous and durable fuel cell. Furthermore, the invention achieves additional objectives. The achievement of these objectives is exemplified with two electrode-electrolyte pair designs and their fabrication methods, including with the use of a special organogel.

A system and method for accurately producing MR images of selected vascular compartments includes employing a control scan and a tag scan, each including velocity selective modules that suppress signal from blood flowing faster than a given cutoff velocity, to acquire control and tag sets of NMR data that may be subtracted to produce a compartment-specific MR image that is substantially free of information from stationary tissues and blood outside the selective vascular compartments. Accordingly, physiological parameters, such as oxygen saturation (SaO2), oxygen extraction fraction (OEF), and cerebral metabolic rate of oxygen (CMRO2), can be generated from the compartment-specific images. Further still, kinetic curves of oxygen exchange can be created, thus providing detailed insight into oxygen exchange dynamics.

A system and method for accurately producing MR images of selected vascular compartments includes employing a control scan and a tag scan, each including velocity selective modules that suppress signal from blood flowing faster than a given cutoff velocity, to acquire control and tag sets of NMR data that may be subtracted to produce a compartment-specific MR image that is substantially free of information from stationary tissues and blood outside the selective vascular compartments. Accordingly, physiological parameters, such as oxygen saturation (SaO2), oxygen extraction fraction (OEF), and cerebral metabolic rate of oxygen (CMRO2), can be generated from the compartment-specific images. Further still, kinetic curves of oxygen exchange can be created, thus providing detailed insight into oxygen exchange dynamics.

This invention relates to the field of electric power generation by direct transformation of the chemical energy of gaseous fuel to electric power by means of high-temperature solid oxide fuel cells. The invention can be used for the fabrication of miniaturized thin filmed oxygen sensors, in electrochemical devices for oxygen extraction from air and in catalytic electrochemical devices for waste gas cleaning or hydrocarbon fuels conversion. The technical objective of the invention is the production of a low-cost electrode-electrolyte pair having an elevated electrochemical efficiency as the most important structural part of a highly efficient, economically advantageous and durable fuel cell. Furthermore, the invention achieves additional objectives. The achievement of these objectives is exemplified with two electrode-electrolyte pair designs and their fabrication methods, including with the use of a special organogel.

This invention relates generally to an index map comprising both pressure and perfusion information from a diabetic patient foot for the purpose of treatment. The index map may also be a map of perfusion and / or metabolism of the tissue (reflecting oxygen delivery and oxygen extraction), obtained by thermal imaging, hyperspectral imaging, or duplex ultrasound, MRA, CT or laser Doppler imaging. This information aids treatment in prevention of diabetic foot ulceration and amputation and in treatment of tissue compromise to prevent tissue loss in other body regions.

Provided is a technique for calculating an oxygen extraction fraction by using MRI where the oxygen extraction fraction in a brain including brain parenchyma is calculated via a simple processing without an impact on an examinee, such as administration of caffeine. For this purpose, an MRI apparatus of the present invention measures a complex image of nuclear magnetic resonance signals, and calculates from thus measured complex image, a physical property distribution for obtaining a physical property image reflecting the oxygen extraction fraction. Then, thus calculated physical property distribution is separated into tissue-specific physical property distributions for at least two tissues (separated tissue images). After converting any of the separated tissue images into the oxygen extraction fraction, a distribution of the oxygen extraction fraction is estimated based on the condition that a value of any selected pixel is substantially equal to a mean value of pixels surrounding the selected pixel.

A system and process for maximizing the generation of marketable products from a variety of hydrocarbon feedstocks. The hydrocarbon feedstocks are first gasified and then oxidized in a two-chamber system and process using oxygen gas rather than ambient air. Intermediate gases generated in the system and process are recirculated and recycled to the gasification and oxidation chambers in order to maximize both energy generation and the resulting stoichiometric reaction products. The energy produced through the system and process is used to generate steam and produce power through conventional steam turbine technology. In addition to the release of heat energy, the hydrocarbon feedstocks are oxidized to the pure product compounds of water and carbon dioxide. The carbon dioxide is subsequently purified and marketed. The water recovered from the system and process is collected and electrolyzed to generate oxygen and hydrogen gases. These gases are separated using conventional gas separation technologies and also marketed. The system and process minimizes environmental emissions.

The invention discloses a catalytic oxidation-based ozone deodorizing system. The catalytic oxidation-based ozone deodorizing system comprises a negative-pressure ozone reaction tower, a positive-pressure composite catalyst reaction tower, a pH aqueous solution adjustment circulation tank, a PLC microcomputer controller, an air oxygen-extraction system and an ozone generator. A composite catalyst is arranged in the positive-pressure composite catalyst reaction tower. The air oxygen-extraction system, the ozone generator, an induced draft fan and a booster pump are controlled by the PLC microcomputer controller. An alkaline aqueous solution having a pH value of 8-9 is arranged in the pH aqueous solution adjustment circulation tank. The catalytic oxidation-based ozone deodorizing system can realize complete oxidation removal of bad smell produced by production workshops and sewage treatment facilities of a chemical plant and a printing and dyeing mill, does not produce secondary pollution, solves atmosphere environmental protection problems and also solves occupational health and body and mind health problems of workers in the production field.

The invention provides an LNG cold energy air separation device and method capable of improving the liquid nitrogen capacity. Air is subjected to oxygen and nitrogen liquidation, separation and purification through the arrangement of an LNG cold box, a main heat exchanger cold box, a main tower cold box, a low-pressure nitrogen press and a circulating nitrogen press, low-pressure nitrogen can be supplemented into circulating nitrogen in the air separation process, thus, the extraction rate of oxygen and argon is guaranteed, the yield of liquid nitrogen is increased, meanwhile, the unit energyconsumption of air separation operation can be reduced, and the device and method are especially suitable for regions with small oxygen demanded quantities and large nitrogen demanded quantities; andin addition, by means of the LNG cold energy air separation device and method, the influences on upper tower liquid air and liquid nitrogen temperatures are lowered by independently arranging a liquidnitrogen product supercooler, then the influences on upper tower rectification are lowered, raw materials for producing the liquid nitrogen are increased by recycling the low-pressure nitrogen, and therefore the effects that in LNG cold energy air separation, the oxygen extraction rate is high, the nitrogen-oxygen yield ratio is large, products are flexibly adjusted, and the energy consumption islow are achieved.

The invention provides an ozone water and soil infectious insect pest prevention and control machine. The ozone water and soil infectious insect pest prevention and control machine comprises an oxygen extraction device, an oxygen storage tank, a high-voltage discharge chamber and an ozone water mixing device, all of which are connected in sequence. The oxygen extraction device comprises an air compressor, an air heating pipe, an air cooling pipe, a water removing pipe, a guide pipe and a nitrogen removing pipe. An electric heating bar is arranged in the air heating pipe, one end of the air heating pipe is provided with an air inlet communicated with the air compressor, and the other end of the air heating pipe is provided with an air outlet. The lower end of the air cooling pipe is provided with a cooling water inlet, and the upper end of the air cooling pipe is provided with a cooling water outlet. The water removing pipe is located in the air cooling pipe, and the upper end and the lower end of the water removing pipe penetrate through an upper seal and a lower seal of the air cooling pipe respectively. The guide pipe winds the outer wall of the water removing pipe, and the lower end of the guide pipe stretches into the lower end of the water removing pipe. One end of the nitrogen removing pipe is communicated with the water removing pipe, and the other end of the nitrogen removing pipe is communicated with the oxygen storage tank. The prevention and control device can effectively extract oxygen from air and can guarantee the purity of oxygen, the oxygen is converted into the ozone lastly to be irrigated into the farmland, and therefore the sterilization effect is achieved.

A facility and process capable of extracting oxygen in extraterrestrial environments from materials available in extraterrestrial environments, for example, on planets, planetoids, etc. The facility extracts oxygen from a mineral-containing solid material and is configured to form a free-falling molten stream of the solid material, evaporate at least a portion of the molten stream and produce a vapor containing gaseous oxygen, create a supersonic stream of the vapor, condense constituents of the supersonic stream to form particulates within the supersonic stream, separate the gaseous oxygen from the particulates, and then collect the gaseous oxygen.

The invention discloses a method for dynamically measuring an oxygen extraction fraction (OEF), an acquisition mode based on echo planar imaging is adopted, i.e., an acquisition mode of exciting and utilizing an echo chain formed by multi-gradient forward and reverse direction rapid switching once to fill K space in one time, so that time resolution is greatly improved, multi-offset-spin-echo imaging is utilized to measure change of an MR signal in a tissue, and later dynamic measurement of the OEF is realized through a relation between the change and tissue OEF. The method for dynamically measuring the OEF solves the problem of relatively long acquisition time of a traditional scanning sequence GESSE caused by the acquisition mode, the time resolution of OED measurement is greatly improved, and it is hopeful to study physiological change from a new angle of view and promote development of neuroscience and clinical medicine.

The invention discloses a new magnetic susceptibility artifact removing method for exerting self-adaptive change shimming gradient (Z-shimming Gradient) in a selection layer direction on the basis of a multi-echo asymmetrical spin-echo fast imaging technology (MASE). The method involves a data collecting module, a delta B signal attenuation model processing module and a magnetic susceptibility artifact removing module. An optimized Z-Shimming gradient method and a sinc model of MR signal attenuation caused by magnetic susceptibility artifacts are well combined through a system, the Z-Shimming gradient is exerted in a self-adaptive mode according to different delta TE times, finally efficiency is improved through a model fitting method, and data for establishing delta B are obtained within 24 seconds; data of delta B and data for estimating oxygen metabolism indexes such as oxygen extraction fraction (OEF) can be obtained through once scanning according to a Z-MASE sequence in the new method, no geometric distribution difference exists between the two types of data, and the magnetic susceptibility artifact removing treatment is more convenient, accurate and robust.

The invention provides a brain blood oxygen level measuring method based on magnetic resonance. The measuring method includes acquiring an amplitude diagram and a phase diagram of brain tissues; standardizing the amplitude diagram into a noise SD diagram, and acquiring a standardized diagram Ic according to linear fitting of the noise SD diagram; unwrapping the phase diagram to acquire a standard field diagram; putting the standard field diagram and the standardized diagram Ic into a regularization constraint rule to acquire a magnetism sensitiveness matrix without an ambient field; acquiring a vein oxygen saturation value and an oxygen metabolism parameter according to the magnetism sensitiveness matrix. The brain blood oxygen level measuring method has the advantages that magnetic field phase changes generated by air tissues are removed, so that magnetism sensitiveness values of the tissues are regained better, and venous blood oxygen saturation Yv and residual saturation of hemoglobin in venous blood, namely an oxygen extraction fraction (OEF), are acquired.

The invention discloses a method for dynamically measuring cerebral oxygen metabolism rate. According to the method, a perfusion multiecho asymmetric spin echo technology are adopted, namely, a multiecho signal acquisition mode formed by alternately switching a layer selection inversion mark and a non-layer selection inversion mark is adopted, oxygen extraction fraction (OEF) and cerebral blood flow (CBF) weighted images are synchronously obtained in a mode of adding / subtracting layer selection signals and non-layer selection signals, and measurement of dynamic change of the cerebral metabolicrate of oxygen (CMO2) is finally realized by combining Fick's law. According to the invention, a series of problems caused by gas calibration required by calibrating a blood oxygen level dependent (BOLD) method are fundamentally solved, so that the comfort level of a subject is greatly improved, the applicable population is enlarged, and complexity of operation and measurement cost are greatly reduced. Furthermore, research on brain health and brain disease mechanisms of different populations is expected to be established, and development of neuroscience and clinical medicine is promoted.

The present invention relates to a method for operating a gas turbine engine unit (10) comprising a gas turbine engine (12, 12a, 12b, 12c) with at least a compressor section (14) and a turbine section (16), wherein the compressor section (14) and the turbine section (16) are operable by a working fluid (18, 20), and further comprising a unit (22) for an oxygen extraction process, wherein the method comprises the steps of: Discharging a total amount of O2-rich working fluid (18) from a compressor (24) of the compressor section (14) to the unit (22) for the oxygen extraction process and extracting O2 from the O2-rich working fluid (18) by an oxygen extraction process.

The invention discloses a gas inlet system of a marine diesel engine. The gas inlet system of the marine diesel engine comprises a gas inlet pipe, a gas exhaust pipe and an oxygen extraction device. The gas outlet end of the gas inlet pipe is communicated with a gas inlet passage of a cylinder cover, and the gas inlet end of the gas inlet pipe is in a sealed state. The gas exhaust pipe is communicated with a gas exhaust passage of the cylinder cover to be used for exhausting waste gas and is communicated with the gas inlet pipe through a bypass gas collecting pipe. An oxygen injecting nozzle of the oxygen extraction device extends to the gas outlet end of the gas inlet pipe through a pipeline. The oxygen extraction device is provided with an adjusting switch used for adjusting oxygen supply, the adjusting switch is connected with a throttle control handle of the diesel engine through a drive component, and the throttle control handle drives the drive component to control the opening degree of the adjusting switch, so that the oxygen extraction device is controlled to supply different amounts of oxygen to the interior of the gas inlet pipe. According to the gas inlet system of the marine diesel engine, diesel engine exhaust gas is mixed with pure oxygen to form a gas mixture, and only the gas mixture instead of air in the atmosphere is used, so that no nitrogen participates in the burning work of the diesel engine, and the emission of the exhaust gas is greatly reduced.

A method for operating a gas turbine engine unit with a compressor section operable by a O2-rich first working fluid and a turbine section operable by a O2-lean second working fluid, and a unit for an oxygen extraction process, the method including: discharging all O2-rich first working fluid of the compressor section from a compressor of the compressor section to the unit for the oxygen extraction process so that all O2-rich first working fluid of the compressor section is used for the oxygen extraction process, extracting O2 from the O2-rich first working fluid by an oxygen extraction process, cooling at least one wall of the at least one combustion chamber of the combustion section by the O2-rich first working fluid while bypassing the at least one combustion chamber and heating the O2-rich first working fluid while by-passing the at least one combustion chamber.

A method and a device for producing an air product based on cryogenic rectification; after being cooled by a main heat exchanger, raw material air and nitrogen compressed by means of a compressor are sent to a rectification system for low temperature separation. In the rectification system, products such as oxygen and nitrogen are obtained by means of low temperature separation, and oxygen-enriched liquid air is obtained at or near the bottom of a rectification tower. The oxygen-enriched liquid air or liquid-state air in the rectification system is sent out after being raised to a target pressure by means of a low temperature liquid air pump; air products of various pressures can be produced by means of selecting low temperature liquid air pumps with different lifts or by connecting in series different amounts of low temperature liquid air pumps. The present method can avoid the need to arrange additional air compressors, entirely changing the method for producing medium and high pressure air products in a nitrogen circulation process, and importantly can reduce production costs significantly whilst having greater flexibility. In addition, the present method can increase the oxygen extraction rate of an apparatus, thereby improving the energy efficiency level.

The invention belongs to the technical field of air separation, and particularly relates to a cement plant kiln on-site oxygen production and gas supply device and method. A membrane separation oxygen production technology is organically coupled to an original compressed air gas supply facility, and original compressed air is separated into two kinds of gas, rich nitrogen and rich oxygen; the generated rich nitrogen directly replaces the compressed air demand of an original factory, and compression energy is recycled; the generated rich oxygen can be sent to a furnace kiln to directly completely or partially replace original clean air and coal air to carry out oxygen-enriched combustion, the compression energy of a fan is recycled, and additional economic benefits are obtained due to oxygen-enriched combustion; the extreme condition of compressed air use is fully considered, a standby compressed air compensation loop is adopted for flow compensation, the oxygen supply scheme that oxygen is replaced with compressed air is achieved on the whole, and energy consumption of oxygen extraction is greatly reduced; and the equipment management and maintenance cost is low, potential safety hazards are avoided, and a preferred scheme for oxygen-enriched combustion energy-saving transformation of a cement plant is achieved.

The invention provides a brain blood oxygen level measuring method based on magnetic resonance. The measuring method includes acquiring an amplitude diagram and a phase diagram of brain tissues; standardizing the amplitude diagram into a noise SD diagram, and acquiring a standardized diagram Ic according to linear fitting of the noise SD diagram; unwrapping the phase diagram to acquire a standard field diagram; putting the standard field diagram and the standardized diagram Ic into a regularization constraint rule to acquire a magnetism sensitiveness matrix without an ambient field; acquiring a vein oxygen saturation value and an oxygen metabolism parameter according to the magnetism sensitiveness matrix. The brain blood oxygen level measuring method has the advantages that magnetic field phase changes generated by air tissues are removed, so that magnetism sensitiveness values of the tissues are regained better, and venous blood oxygen saturation Yv and residual saturation of hemoglobin in venous blood, namely an oxygen extraction fraction (OEF), are acquired.

The invention provides an ozone water and soil infectious insect pest prevention and control machine. The ozone water and soil infectious insect pest prevention and control machine comprises an oxygen extraction device, an oxygen storage tank, a high-voltage discharge chamber and an ozone water mixing device, all of which are connected in sequence. The oxygen extraction device comprises an air compressor, an air heating pipe, an air cooling pipe, a water removing pipe, a guide pipe and a nitrogen removing pipe. An electric heating bar is arranged in the air heating pipe, one end of the air heating pipe is provided with an air inlet communicated with the air compressor, and the other end of the air heating pipe is provided with an air outlet. The lower end of the air cooling pipe is provided with a cooling water inlet, and the upper end of the air cooling pipe is provided with a cooling water outlet. The water removing pipe is located in the air cooling pipe, and the upper end and the lower end of the water removing pipe penetrate through an upper seal and a lower seal of the air cooling pipe respectively. The guide pipe winds the outer wall of the water removing pipe, and the lower end of the guide pipe stretches into the lower end of the water removing pipe. One end of the nitrogen removing pipe is communicated with the water removing pipe, and the other end of the nitrogen removing pipe is communicated with the oxygen storage tank. The prevention and control device can effectively extract oxygen from air and can guarantee the purity of oxygen, the oxygen is converted into the ozone lastly to be irrigated into the farmland, and therefore the sterilization effect is achieved.

Provided is a technique for calculating an oxygen extraction fraction by using MRI where the oxygen extraction fraction in a brain including brain parenchyma is calculated via a simple processing without an impact on an examinee, such as administration of caffeine. For this purpose, an MRI apparatus of the present invention measures a complex image of nuclear magnetic resonance signals, and calculates from thus measured complex image, a physical property distribution for obtaining a physical property image reflecting the oxygen extraction fraction. Then, thus calculated physical property distribution is separated into tissue-specific physical property distributions for at least two tissues (separated tissue images). After converting any of the separated tissue images into the oxygen extraction fraction, a distribution of the oxygen extraction fraction is estimated based on the condition that a value of any selected pixel is substantially equal to a mean value of pixels surrounding the selected pixel.