54 results about "Spatial methods" patented technology

An object of the present invention is to provide a device and a method for recognizing hand shape and position even if a hand image to be provided for recognition is rather complicated in shape, and a recording medium having a program for carrying out the method recorded thereon.A hand image normalization part 11 deletes a wrist region respectively from a plurality of images varied in hand shape and position before subjecting the images to normalization in hand orientation and size to generate hand shape images. An eigenspace calculation part 13 calculates an eigenvalue and an eigenvector respectively from the hand shape images under an analysis based on an eigenspace method. An eigenspace projection part 15 calculates eigenspace projection coordinates by projecting the hand shape images onto an eigenspace having the eigenvectors as a basis. A hand image normalization part 21 deletes a wrist region from an input hand image, and generates an input hand shape image by normalizing the input hand image to be equivalent to the hand shape images. An eigenspace projection part 22 calculates eigenspace projection coordinates for the input hand shape image by projecting the same onto the eigenspace having the eigenvectors as the basis. A hand shape image selection part 23 compares the eigenspace projection coordinates calculated for the input hand shape image with each of the eigenspace projection coordinates calculated for the hand shape images, and then determines which of the hand shape images is closest to the input hand shape image. A shape / position output part 24 outputs shape information and position information on the determined hand shape image.

A system and method for opportunistically designing collaborative beamforming vectors is disclosed for a wireless multiple input, multiple output (MIMO) space division multiple access (SDMA) communication system by sequentially designing beamforming vectors for ranked channels in order to exploit the instantaneous channel conditions to improve per user average SNR performance. Each subscriber station independently transmits information to a base station that allows the base station to determine beamforming vectors for each subscriber station by ranking the subscriber stations by channel strength. Using sequential nullspace methods, the ranked channel matrices are then used to select the channel matrix Hi for the best subscriber station, to design the wi, vi for the best subscriber station as the left and right singular vectors of the MIMO channel matrix Hi, to transform the remaining channels and to continue the process until beamforming vectors are designed for all channels.

The invention discloses a self-correction method of a multi-input multi-output radar system array error, relating to the radar technical field. The method aims to carry out self correction of the reliant amplitude and phase error of a receiving array azimuth on the premise that the transmitting array of a multi-input multi-output radar system. The implementation process of the method is as follows: firstly, by means of the two corrected transmitting array elements of the multi-input multi-output radar system, orthogonal signals are transmitted; then, the echo signals of the transmitting array elements are separated by means of the orthogonality of transmitting signal through adopting a matched filtering method; an auto correlation matrix and a cross correlation matrix are established by means of the echo signals; a real guide vector and a target angle of an array are estimated by means of a rotary invariant subspace method; finally, by means of the real guide vector and the target angle of the array obtained through estimation, the array azimuth reliant amplitude and phase error can be corrected. The self-correction method can be used in the array error correction field of a multichannel radar system.

A navigational aid for use as an AIS apparatus includes a memory for storing information about previous use of individual time slots synchronized with transmission schedules of other stations and a signal detector for judging whether an information signal exists in a time slot specified in accordance with a synchronization timing signal based on the information stored in the memory and a result of monitoring of the behavior of a baseband signal obtained from a received signal on an IQ-plane. The navigational aid transmits information about own station based on a result of judgment by the signal detector. The monitoring of the behavior of the received baseband signal plotted on the IQ-plane can be accomplished by performing pattern recognition operation, for which a carrier sense technique, such as a support vector machine, subspace method or neural network, can be used.

An image retrieval method comprising: a step of extracting at least one query feature vector from a query image on which a subject of the image retrieval is captured, the query feature vector representing a local feature of the query image; a step of accessing an image data base in which a plurality of reference images are stored previously, each reference image being stored in conjunction with learning images generated therefrom and reference feature vectors representing local features of the reference image and the learning images; a comparing step of comparing the query feature vector with the reference feature vectors stored in conjunction with each reference image using an approximate nearest neighbor search to find a reference feature vector approximately nearest to the query feature vector; and a selecting step of selecting a reference image with which the found reference feature vector is stored in conjunction from the reference images as a retrieval result wherein: the learning image is generated by adding a defocus and / or a motion-blur effect likely to occur on capturing the subject to each reference image, the reference feature vectors are extracted from each reference image and the learning image corresponding to the reference image respectively using the scale-space approach, the query feature vector is extracted from the query image using the scale-space approach, and each of the above steps is executed by a computer.

An extended subspace method for inverting geophysical data to infer models for two or more subsurface physical properties, using gradients of an objective function as basis vectors for forming model updates. The extended set of basis vectors provides explicit mixing between gradient components corresponding to different medium parameters, for example P-wave velocity and an anisotropy parameter. In a preferred embodiment, off-diagonal elements of the mixing matrix may be scaled to adjust the degree of mixing between gradient components. Coefficients of the basis vector expansion are determined in a way that explicitly accounts for leakage or crosstalk between different physical parameters. The same extended subspace approach may be used to make further improvement to the model updates by incorporating well constraints, where well log data are available.

Provided are a method which permits complete training data and data with added errors, and enables the early and accurate discovery of errors in facilities such as a plant, and a system thereof. To achieve the objectives, (1) the behavior of temporal data is observed over time, and the trace is divided into clusters; (2) the divided cluster groups are modeled in sub spaces, and the discrepancy values are calculated as errors candidates; (3) the training data are used (compare, reference, etc.) for reference to determine the state transitions caused by the changes over time, the environmental changes, the maintenance (parts replacement), and the operation states; and (4) the modeling is a sub space method such as regression analysis or projection distance method of every N data removing N data items, (N=0, 1, 2, . . . ) (for example, when N=1, one error data item is considered to have been added, this data is removed, then the modeling is performed), or a local sub space method. Linear fitting in regression analysis is equivalent to the lowest order regression analysis.

The invention discloses a method for self-correcting a coupling error of an electromagnetic vector sensor array. According to the method, an ideal electromagnetic vector sensor is additionally arranged to be used as an auxiliary array element and forms a receiving array with the electromagnetic vector sensor array to be corrected, the receiving array receives the completely polarized transverse electromagnetic wave signal data of a far field, the autocorrelation matrix of the sample data is calculated, the real electromagnetic field vector and electromagnetic vector having errors of the signal are estimated through a subspace method, the obtained estimated value of the real electromagnetic field vector and the estimated value of the electromagnetic field vector having errors are used to estimate the coupling error variance, the coupling error matrix is constructed according to the coupling error variance and the inverse matrix is calculated, and the data received by the electromagnetic vector sensor to be corrected are pre-multiplied by the inverse matrix of the coupling error matrix so as to correct the coupling error. The method disclosed by the invention has a simple solving process and small calculated amount, the real electromagnetic filed vector and the electromagnetic field vector having coupling errors of the signal can be estimated, and higher coupling error estimation accuracy can be achieved.

The invention discloses an image registering method based on a manifold subspace, comprising the following steps: (1) respectively reading in a target image and a floating image to be registered; (2) respectively calculating the phase consistency of the target image and the floating image to be registered in different scales and directions; (3) fusing information with the phase consistency in different scales and directions by using a manifold subspace method; (4) looking main-phrase consistency information of the target image and the floating image as fuzzy congregation, adopting nearness in fuzzy mathematical, and calculating the fuzzy similarity of the main-phrase consistency information; (5) using the fuzzy similarity of the main-phrase consistency information as an object function, and adopting powell algorithm to search a maximum value of the object function; finishing the registering when the fuzzy similarity reaches maximum. Under the conditions of lower image space resolution, noise influence, and the like, the image registering method has high registering precision and strong robustness.

The present invention discloses an alternating excitation low-temperature heating method for a lithium ion battery based on temperature change, and belongs to the technical field of charging of lithium ion power batteries. The present invention solves the problem that the existing lithium ion battery has poor charging and discharging performance in a low-temperature environment. The present invention applies pulse current of the changing frequency to a battery, so that the internal resistance of the battery is energized to generate heat, thereby achieving the effect of low temperature self-heating inside the battery. Based on a second-order Thevenin equivalent circuit model, the internal parameters of the lithium ion power battery are constructed in combination with a recursive least-squares method and are identified; a three-dimensional state space method is used to establish a three-dimensional relationship among the internal parameters of the battery, the pulse current frequency andtemperature; and the change of the internal parameters of the battery at different temperatures and the pulse current frequency corresponding to the maximum internal resistance of the battery are calculated in real time. The alternating excitation low-temperature heating method is suitable for the technical field of charging of the batteries.

A non-contact, free-space method for determining the index of refraction of a thin film at a desired angular frequency. The method includes generating an input desired-frequency pulse and an optically detectable probe pulse. The thin film is moved in and out of the path of the input pulse, creating an output pulse that alternates between a transmitted signal, created when the film intercepts the input pulse path, and a reference signal, created when the sample is outside the input pulse path. The output pulse modulates the probe pulse, which is then detected with a photo detector, and the difference between the transmitted signal and the reference signal is calculated. The above steps are repeated over a plurality of delay times between the input pulse and the probe pulse until a complete field waveform of the differential signal is characterized. The index of refraction is calculated as a function of a ratio between the differential signal for the thin film and the reference signal. A complete field waveform of the reference signal may be characterized by repeating the above steps for a reference plate identical to the sample except having a non-transmissive film instead of the thin, transmissive film.

A method and apparatus for rendering a computer generated image using a stencil buffer is described. The method divides an arbitrary closed polygonal contour into first and higher level primitives, where first level primitives correspond to contiguous vertices in the arbitrary closed polygonal contour and higher level primitives correspond to the end vertices of consecutive primitives of the immediately preceding primitive level. The method reduces the level of overdraw when rendering the arbitrary polygonal contour using a stencil buffer compared to other image space methods. A method of producing the primitives in an interleaved order, with second and higher level primitives being produced before the final first level primitives of the contour, is described which improves cache hit rate by reusing more vertices between primitives as they are produced.

The computer graphics system is configured to generate a shadow effect with a stencil shadow volume method using a combination of compressed and uncompressed stencil buffers in coordination with compressed and uncompressed depth data buffers. An uncompressed stencil buffer is capable of storing stencil shadow volume data for each pixel and a compressed stencil buffer is capable of storing stencil shadow volume data for a group of pixels.

An audio signal is processed to determine primary and ambient components by transforming the signal into frequency-domain vectors, and decomposing the left and right channel vectors into ambient and primary components by orthogonal projection.

The invention discloses a network traffic abnormality rapid detection method based on a multilayer partial sensitive hash table. Through utilization of the multilayer partial sensitive hash table, OD pair vectors are buffered and rearranged, so the similar OD pair vectors are mapped to the same hash barrels. On the basis of the multilayer partial sensitive hash table, an adaptive subspace search method and a partial sensitive hash table updating method are designed, so the time complexity of a low-rank matrix approximate process in network traffic abnormality detection is greatly reduced, the integrated time complexity of the abnormality detection is reduced, and the traffic abnormality rapid detection is realized.

The invention provides a CIE1976L * a * b * color space method for sodium hydroxide solution preparation for chemical analysis and belongs to the technical field of measurement. The CIE1976L * a * b * color space method for sodium hydroxide solution preparation for chemical analysis at least comprises the steps that a sodium hydroxide reagent with the concentration to be detected is continuously added into a reaction container where a solution with phenolphthalein indicator is added, the color space method is utilized for measuring color changes of the chemical reaction solution with the phenolphthalein indicator, and digital end point titration is carried out. By means of the method, the color of the chemical reaction solution with the phenolphthalein indicator is digitally measured, the test steps are simple, and automatic and batch large-scale detection can be achieved.

The invention relates to a target tracking method based on a robust PCA (principal component analysis) subspace, belonging to the technical field of computer vision. The method comprises the following steps: calculating a predicted position by using a subspace method; extracting a target object by using the first-frame image, and establishing a subspace; generating particles, extracting images of the particles, vectorizing, projecting into the subspace, calculating a projection coefficient in accordance with PCA, and adopting an occlusion handling strategy in case that the images are subject to occlusion or image blurring; calculating the weight value of each particle based on reconstruction errors; and finally, calculating the final predicted position of the target object by a sampling method. The method of the invention can be effectively used for tracking various targets, such as faces, bodies, vehicles and other objects, and can preferably solve the problems of occlusion, video blurring, low resolution and the like.

A blind frequency-deviation estimating method of OFDM communication system carrier wave includes distributing virtual sub-carrier wave by emitter end in equal interval way, structuring low dimensional self-covariance matrix at receiver end through under-sampling way and utilizing subspace means to decompose obtained covariance matrix for obtaining estimation on carrier wave frequency deviation.

The invention relates to a method for realizing noise reduction processing on a speech signal by using a digital noise reduction algorithm. The method comprises the following steps of: firstly, processing a signal with noise by using a subspace method so as to obtain a relatively pure processed signal; and subsequently inputting a self-adaptive filter to eliminate speech noise by using an LMS (least mean square) algorithm. According to the method, a subspace noise reduction algorithm and the self-adaptive LMS algorithm are combined and utilized so as to filter the noise; and the subspace can suppress the noise relevance well but can not work well in an area with a high signal to noise ratio, and the defect of the subspace can be made up by using the self-adaptive LMS algorithm, so that a good noise reduction effect can be achieved with the combination of the subspace noise reduction algorithm and the self-adaptive LMS algorithm.

The invention provides a nearest feature line based facial feature extracting method and device. The nearest feature line based facial feature extracting device comprises a sample matrix module, a divergence matrix construction module, and a projection matrix construction module. According to the nearest feature line based facial feature extracting method, image matrix data are directly used for calculation to obtain projection points on a feature line generated by facial image samples of the same kind, the projection points and the facial image samples are both matrixes, and a two-dimensional nearest feature line based intra-class divergence matrix is minimized to obtain a linear transformation so that two-dimensional feature line based intra-class divergence is minimum after the facial image samples are subjected to linear transformation. Compared with traditional nearest feature line space methods, the nearest feature line based facial feature extracting method has the advantages that the amount of calculation is reduced, and meanwhile, relevancy among neighboring pixel points of an image matrix per se can be also retained as much as possible.

The invention discloses an autonomous rendezvous strategy for non-cooperative targets based on a null space method, which is characterized in that firstly task analysis is performed on the autonomous rendezvous process in allusion to a non-cooperative target on-orbit service task, the whole rendezvous process is divided into a non-cooperative target butt joint capturing point tracking task and a collision avoiding task, priority ranking is performed on the two tasks, a null space corresponding to each basic task is solved, finally the two tasks are synthesized according to the null space method, the task with a low priority is projected to a null space of the task with a high priority, and thus the safety of a rendezvous trajectory is ensured. The autonomous rendezvous strategy based on the null space method provided by the invention is a multilevel hierarchical control method, and the task with a high priority can be ensured to be completed in the first place, so that conflicts between tasks with different priorities are avoided. The autonomous rendezvous strategy for the non-cooperative targets based on the null space method can simultaneously realize the requirements of non-cooperative target butt joint capturing point tracking and collision avoidance.

The invention relates to a singularity-avoiding input parameter value space method for avoiding kinematic singularity in parallel mechanisms and belongs to technologies of avoiding parallel mechanisms kinematic singularity in the field of robotic mechanism. The method mainly includes: constructing parallel mechanism singularity position space distribution surfaces using input parameters as all coordinate axes; constructing inscribed envelope surface of the space distribution surfaces to obtain singularity-avoiding input parameter value space distribution surfaces; selecting proper operating points in the singularity-avoiding input parameter value space distribution surfaces, and determining the value ranges of input parameters meeting the operation requirements; determining the value ranges of the input parameters are in the singularity-avoiding input parameter value space distribution surfaces, and eliminating kinematic singularity in the parallel mechanisms during a design phase. The method is simple, universal and easy to implement; the method is directly applicable to eliminating kinematic singularity of operating space of the parallel mechanisms during the design phase and preventing the parallel mechanisms from running into a state of kinematic singularity during a control phase.

The invention discloses a flexibly connected double unmanned ship autonomous collaboration method for rounding up oil spillage. The method comprises the steps of (1) planning a sailing trajectory capable of meeting multiple constraint conditions according to the oil spillage position, the initial positions of unmanned ships and dynamic characteristics of the flexibly connected unmanned ships; (2) performing trajectory tracking on the acquired sailing trajectory; (3) correcting the expected heading and speed of each unmanned ship in real time according to influences of a flexible connection acting force and force moment by adopting a fuzzy null space based behavior fusion method in order to ensure the unmanned ships to fulfill the task and reduce adverse influences of the flexible connection acting force and force moment in the process of performing trajectory tracking; and (4) calculating a control instruction by a motion controller of the unmanned ships so as to drive the actual heading and speed of the unmanned ships to reach the expected values. According to the invention, adverse influences generated by the flexible connection acting force and force moment are effectively eliminated by using the fuzzy null space method, and autonomous collaboration control for the flexibly connected double unmanned ship is realized.

In an orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) wireless communication system, a method is provided for channel estimation using a sub-space method suitable for computer implementation. The system has both a transmitter and a receiver including a plurality of antennas. The method comprising the step of: a receiver using at least one pseudo noise (PN) to correlate desired information relating to a received symbol; transforming the correlated information into frequency domain; and performing channel estimation using a sub-space method suitable for computer implementation.

A navigational aid for use as an AIS apparatus includes a memory for storing information about previous use of individual time slots synchronized with transmission schedules of other stations and a signal detector for judging whether an information signal exists in a time slot specified in accordance with a synchronization timing signal based on the information stored in the memory and a result of monitoring of the behavior of a baseband signal obtained from a received signal on an IQ-plane. The navigational aid transmits information about own station based on a result of judgment by the signal detector. The monitoring of the behavior of the received baseband signal plotted on the IQ-plane can be accomplished by performing pattern recognition operation, for which a carrier sense technique, such as a support vector machine, subspace method or neural network, can be used.

An extended subspace method for inverting geophysical data to infer models for two or more subsurface physical properties, using gradients of an objective function as basis vectors for forming model updates. The extended set of basis vectors provides explicit mixing between gradient components corresponding to different medium parameters, for example P-wave velocity and an anisotropy parameter. In a preferred embodiment, off-diagonal elements of the mixing matrix may be scaled to adjust the degree of mixing between gradient components. Coefficients of the basis vector expansion are determined in a way that explicitly accounts for leakage or crosstalk between different physical parameters. The same extended subspace approach may be used to make further improvement to the model updates by incorporating well constraints, where well log data are available.

A method for reclaiming and rebuilding a memory space is used for reclaiming the usable memory space in a crystal grain (inked die) so as to form a memory with standard or non-standard storage capacity. The method comprises the steps of scanning at least one of a block area, a page area and a unit cell area in the crystal grain (also known as a memory unit), performing normal or abnormal marking on the selected areas by means of writing-in and reading of test data and comparison of each selected area, performing circular operation of the steps so as to achieve complete scanning and testing of the crystal grain, allocating and collecting the areas marked as normal so as to rebuild the memory with the standard or non-standard storage capacity, and enabling any controller or mainframe to perform access of the storage capacity.

The invention provides a radio frequency interference suppression method based on an FRFT frequency estimation subspace. The method specifically comprises the steps of calculating an optimal order ofFRFT; calculating FRFT of a frame of original data under the optimal order through a kernel function, and obtaining an original signal of an FRFT frequency domain; detecting radio frequency interference of an FRFT frequency domain signal; if the radio frequency interference exists in the FRFT frequency domain signal, obtaining an FRFT time domain signal through inverse Fourier transform; constructing an orthogonal projection matrix by utilizing an FRFT frequency estimation subspace method, and performing projection transformation on the FRFT time domain signal to suppress the radio frequency interference; performing fast Fourier transformation to obtain the FRFT frequency domain signal after radio frequency interference suppression; and performing p-order inverse FRFT on the FRFT frequencydomain signal to obtain the original signal after radio frequency interference suppression. According to the method, steady-state and non-steady-state radio-frequency interferences can be suppressedat the same time; the integrity of useful signals can be kept on the basis of fully suppressing the radio frequency interferences; the effective detection distance of a radar is increased; and the precision of marine dynamics parameter inversion and target detection by the radar is improved.