The invention relates to the technical field of optical fiber communication, and particularly discloses a method for calibrating, compensating and self-correcting parameters of an optical module. The method comprises the steps of: (1) parameter calibration, i.e., reading read-out values of each monitored parameter of the optical module at different temperatures, acquiring corresponding actual values, obtaining a calibration formula and calibrating each monitored parameter by the calibration formula; (2) parameter compensation, i.e., by using a module output at the normal temperature as a reference value, regulating parameter setting of an optical module register to enable an actual module output to be approximate to the reference value, and fitting into a compensation formula; and (3) parameter self-correction, i.e., comparing an output value of each calibrated parameter with an ideal value, and if a large deviation exists, fine regulating the parameter according to a deviation direction, correcting an output effect, and regulating a parameter value of the compensation formula in the step (2). According to the method disclosed by the invention, workload of a worker is reduced, and accuracy and reliability of each parameter index of the optical module are improved.