The invention discloses a rear axle electrodynamic force drive device of an electric vehicle. The drive device comprises a reducer shell, wherein the reducer shell is provided with two supports, the two supports support a differential shell, a second driven gear is fixed on the differential shell, a transmission shaft is arranged in the differential shell, a first driven gear and a second drive gear are fixed on the periphery of the transmission shaft, the second drive gear is meshed with the second driven gear, the reducer shell is provided with an end face, a cavity is formed on the end face, a shaft hole is formed in the bottom of the cavity, one end of an alternating current motor stator core is connected with the end face, the other end of the alternating current motor stator core is connected with a rear end cover, the rear end cover, the alternating current motor stator core and the reducer shell are fixed through bolts, one end of a rotor shaft of an alternating current motor supports on the rear end cover, the other end of the rotor shaft of the alternating current motor penetrates through the shaft hole to support on the reducer shell, the first drive gear is fixed on the rotor shaft of the alternating current motor, and the first drive gear is meshed with the first driven gear. The electrodynamic force drive device realizes stepless speed regulation, shifting impact is eliminated, and the heat dissipation of a drive motor is ensured.