Theinvention provides a device and method for detecting longitudinal tearing of a large conveyor belt. The device comprises an industrial camera, a line laser transmitter, a brush, a dust removal airgun, a synchronous detection wheel and a PC machine; the industrial camera is installed below the non-carrying surface of the conveyor belt; the line laser transmitter is installed below the non-carrying surface of the conveyor belt and emitted line laser is in a view field of the industrial camera; the brush is installed on the upstream of the industrial camera in the movement direction of the conveyor belt and used for cleaning the conveyor belt; the dust removal air gun is installed close to the industrial camera to prevent dust from falling and contaminating a lens; the synchronous detection wheel is used as a passive wheel to be in contact with the conveyor belt, installed below the conveyor belt, rotates with movement of the conveyor belt, and is used for detecting the moving speed of the conveyor belt; and the PC machine processes collected images, generates a tearing alarm, and displays length, width, depth and position information of longitudinal tearing of the large conveyorbelt, so as to complete detection of longitudinal tearing of the large conveyor belt.