The invention discloses a reversible
dynamic aperture solid nanopore array based on a temperature-sensitive
phase change layer and a preparation method and application of the reversible
dynamic aperture solid nanopore array, and belongs to the technical field of single molecule detection and
nanostructure regulation, the array introduces the temperature-sensitive
phase change layer into the inner wall of a
solid nanopore, and when the local temperature crosses the
phase transition point of the temperature-sensitive
phase change layer, reversible
volume change is generated; therefore, the effective aperture of the nanopore is continuously adjustable in a sub-nanometer scale range. An independent micro heating unit and an independent
temperature sensing unit are integrated below each nanopore in the array, and single-pore-level accurate
temperature control adjustment is achieved in a row-column
addressing mode. In combination with ionic current monitoring and an external control module, the aperture can be set in real time according to the size requirements of different target molecules, and
dynamic aperture regulation and control with a programmable structure, quick response and good
repeatability are realized. The array structure provided by the invention is suitable for single molecule level detection of objects such as multiple types of
small molecule pollutants, tumor-related biomarkers, biomacromolecules and the like, and has the advantages of high sensitivity,
high flux and wide applicability.