The invention belongs to the technical field of 
intelligent robots, and discloses a substation inspection 
robot mapping method based on GPS closed-loop detection. The method comprises steps: the robotwalks according to a specified 
route, and 
laser point cloud data during walking are acquired; in a 
global coordinate system, by using the conversion relationship between poses in adjacent two framesof 
laser and the 
point cloud data of a former frame of 
laser, inter-frame laser 
point cloud data are spliced; tile-type mapping is carried out; a specified frame of a sub image is selected as a 
key frame; the current position of the 
robot is positioned in real time according to 
GPS data, and with the position as a circle center and the specified distance as a 
radius, a closed-loop candidate area is defined; and each candidate 
pose in each sub image in the closed-loop candidate area is screened, and when a certain 
pose meets a screening condition, the laser frame corresponding to the 
pose and the 
key frame are subjected to closed-loop connection. By adopting the substation inspection 
robot mapping method based on GPS closed-loop detection, the calculation amount related to positioning is greatly reduced, and the positioning efficiency and the positioning accuracy are significantly improved.